CHAPTER 38.
CARROLL COUNTY. (p. 738--.)
INTRODUCTORY.
First settlers—Land Grants—Erection of Carroll County—Elections—Bench and Bar—Distinguished Men—County Officers—School Statistics.
The territory embraced within the limits of Carroll County was settled at an
early period in the history of Maryland. The first settlers were
Scotch-Irish, Germans, and the descendants of the English from Southern
Maryland. The Indians, before the advent of the whites, had retired across
the South Mountain into the Cumberland Valley. A remnant of the
“Susquehannocks,” numbering between sixty and seventy, lived within less
than a mile of Manchester (then a part of Baltimore County) until 1750 or
1751, and were probably the last aborigines residing in the county. About
that period, without any stir or apparent preparation, with the exception of
two. they all disappeared in a single night. The exceptions were a chief
named Macanappy and his wife, both old and infirm, and they survived the
departure of their race but a few days. The similarity of names has given
rise to the impression that this tribe found its way to Florida, and that
Miconopy, the celebrated chief who afterwards gave the United States so much
trouble, was one of the descendants of the old Indian left to die near
Manchester. In the Land Office at Annapolis patents are recorded for land
grants in this portion of the State as early as 1727. In that year “Park
Hall,” a tract of land containing two thousand six hundred and eighty acres,
was surveyed for James Carroll. This land was then situated in Prince
George’s County, between New Windsor and Sam’s Creek. In 1729 “Kilfadda” was
granted to John Tredane, and subsequently sold to Allan Farquhar. It now
embraces a part of the town of Union Bridge and the farm of E.J. Penrose.
“Brierwood” was surveyed for Dr. Charles Carroll in 1731. “White’s Level,”
on which the original town of Westminster was built, was granted to John
White in 1733.
“Fanny’s Meadow,” embracing the “ West End” of the present town of
Westminster, was granted to James Walls in 1741. “Fell’s Retirement,” lying
on Pipe Creek, and containing 475 acres, was granted to Edward Fell in 1742.
“Arnold s Chance,” 600 acres, was granted to Arnold Levers in 1743. “Brown’s
Delight,” 350 acres, situated on Cobb’s Branch, near Westminster, was
granted to George Brown in 1743. “Neighborly Kindness,” 100 acres, to
Charles Carroll in 1743. “Cornwell,” 666 acres, on Little Pipe Creek was
patented in 1749, and afterwards purchased by Joseph Haines and his brother.
“Terra Rubra” was patented to Philip Key in 1752, for 1865 acres; “Ross’
Range” to John Ross in 1752, for 3400 acres; “Spring Garden,” on part of
which Hempstead is built, to Dunstan Dane in 1748; “Brothers’ Agreement,”
near Taneytown, to Edward Diggs and Raphael Taney in 1754, for 7900 acres;
“Foster’s Hunting Ground” to John Foster, 1439 acres; “German Church” to
Jacob Schilling and others in 1758, for a German Reformed and Lutheran
church at Manchester; “Five Daughters” to Carroll’s daughter, 1759, for 1500
acres; “New Market,” on which Manchester is built, to Richard Richards in
1754; “Rattlesnake Ridge” to Edward Richards in 1738; “Caledonia” to William
Lux and others in 1764, for 11,638 acres; “Bond’s Meadow” to John Ridgely in
1753, for 1915 acres Westminster is partly situated on this tract);
“Brother’s Inheritance” to Michael Swope in 1761, for 3124 acres; “Ohio,”
north of Union Mills, to Samuel Owings in 1763, for 9250 acres; “New
Bedford,” near Middlebury, to Daniel McKenzie and John Logsden in 1762, for
5301 acres; “Gilboa” to Thomas Rutland, 1762, for 2772 acres; “Runnymeade,”
between Uniontown and Taneytown, to Francis Key and Upton Scott in 1767, for
3677 acres; “Hale’s Venture” to Nicholas Hale in 1770, for 2886 acres;
“Windsor Forest” to John Dorsey in 1772, for 2886 acres; Rochester” to
Charles Carroll of Carrollton in 1773, for 4706 acres; and “Lookabout,” near
Roop’s mill, to Leigh Master in 1774, for 1443 acres.
Among the earliest settlers in this section of Maryland was William
Farquhar, whose energy, thrift, and wisdom aided materially in the
development of the country. His ancestors emigrated from Scotland to
Ireland, where he was born July 29, 1705. When sixteen years of age he left
Ireland with his father, Allen Farquhar, and settled in Pennsylvania. Allen
Farquhar, as was mentioned above, acquired from John Tredane a large tract
of land on Little Pipe Creek; but there is no evidence that he actually
resided there. In 1735 he conveyed this tract, known as “Kilfadda,” to his
son William, one of the conditions of the gift being that he should remove
from Pennsylvania to “ye” province of Maryland. In compliance with the terms
of the deed, William Farquhar, with his wile Ann, came to Maryland and
entered into possession of his estate. The country was then a wilderness and
destitute of roads, except such paths as were made by wild beasts and
Indians, and no little intrepidity was required for such a journey, clogged
with a helpless family. Farquhar had learned the trade of a tailor, and by
his skill and industry in making buckskin breeches, the garments then most
in vogue, he prospered. He invested his savings in land, and in 1768 he was
the possessor of two thousand acres, in which was included all the ground
upon which the present town of Union Bridge is built. He was a counselor and
peace-maker, and it is related of him that upon one occasion he rode home in
the evening and found his house surrounded with emigrant-wagons belonging to
settlers who had been driven from their homes by the Indians and had fled to
him for protection. They had their stock and movable property with them, and
were afraid to go back to their lands. Farquhar visited the Indians and soon
pacified them, and the settlers returned to their homes and were never
afterwards molested. Between the years 1730 and 1740 great advances were
made in the settlement of what is now known as Carroll County. “The Marsh
Creek settlement,” in the western section of York County, Pa., including the
region around Gettysburg, composed almost exclusively of Scotch-Irish,
furnished a number of industrious and enterprising immigrants, and Hanover
and Conewago, in the same county, settled entirely by Germans, provided a
large contingent. The latter located principally in the Manchester and Myers
Districts, where many of their descendants now live.
Many were attracted thither also from St. Mary’s, Prince George’s, Anne
Arundel, and Baltimore Counties, on the Western Shore of Maryland. The
dispute concerning the boundary line between the provinces of Pennsylvania
and Maryland was a fruitful source of trouble to those who possessed
interests in the debatable ground. A strip of land six or eight miles wide
was claimed both by the province of Pennsylvania and the proprietary of
Maryland. John Digges obtained a Maryland grant of six thousand eight
hundred acres in the vicinity of Hanover, and Charles Carroll procured a
similar grant in the neighborhood of Fairfield or Millerstown, and the
latter now goes by the name of the Carroll Tract. Hanover, at that time
known as McAllisterstown, or Kallisterstown, was within the disputed
territory, and became a refuge for disorderly characters, and hence was
called “Rogues’ Harbor.”
This vexatious boundary question, which had agitated the two colonies since
the arrival of William Penn in America in 1682, was decided, as we have
shown elsewhere, in favor of the province of Pennsylvania in 1769 by Mason
and Dixon, two surveyors sent out from London for that purpose, and Mason
and Dixon’s line has ever since remained the unquestioned boundary between
the two commonwealths. The dispute having reached a definite conclusion, an
impetus was given to development. Settlers multiplied, the country was
cleared up, and convenient farm-buildings were erected. The inhabitants soon
learned to appreciate the fine water-powers so abundant in this portion of
Maryland, and in 1760 David Shriver, the grandfather of the older members of
the family of that name now living in Western Maryland, purchased a tract of
land on Little Pipe Creek and erected a mill and tannery. Mr. Shriver was a
prominent and useful citizen. He represented Frederick County in the
convention called in 1776 to frame a constitution for the State of Maryland,
arid for a number of years he was the representative of that county in the
Senate and House of Delegates. In May, 1765, a bateau loaded with iron was
successfully navigated from the Hampton furnace on Pipe Creek to the mouth
of the Monocacy River, in Frederick County. There is no record of the
establishment of this furnace, but that it must have been in operation for
some time prior to the date given above is evident from the advertisement
which appeared May 28, 1767, in which Benedict Calvert, Edward Digges,
Normand Bruce, William Digges, Jr., and James Canady offer for sale the
“Hampton Furnace, in Frederick County, together with upwards of three
thousand acres of land. The furnace (with casting-bellows) and bridge-houses
were built of stone, also grist-mill and two stores, the whole situated on a
branch of Monocacy River.”
The entire stock of negroes, servants, horses, wagons, and implements
belonging to the works were offered for sale. There was on hand at the time
coal for six months, fourteen hundred cords of wood, five hundred tons of
ore at the side of the furnace and four hundred tons raised at the banks.
The advertisement concludes with the announcement that Normand Bruce lived
near the works.
Solomon Shepherd, grandfather of Thomas, Solomon, and James F. Shepherd,
married Susanna Farquhar, the youngest child of William Farquhar, Oct. 27,
1779, and settled on a portion of the Farquhar estate, about three-quarters
of a mile east of Union Bridge. Mr. Shepherd was a wool-comber and fuller,
and established a fulling-mill where the factory now stands. For some time
after the construction of his mill he was without a house of his own, and
boarded with his father-in-law, at some distance down Pipe’s Creek; and it
is related of him that in walking back and forth along the banks of the
stream from the mill to the house at night he was wont to burn the ends of a
bunch of hickory sticks before he would set out on his hazardous journey,
and when the wolves (which were savage and ravenous) approached too near he
would whirl his firebrand about him to drive them away. He afterwards moved
into a log house, which is still standing, and in 1790 built the brick house
in which Shepherd Wood now resides. The latter was at that time considered a
palatial extravagance, and the neighbors dubbed it “Solomon’s Folly.” In
1810 he built the present factory, and put in carding and spinning-machines
and looms for the manufacture of cloths, blankets, and other fabrics. In
1815 he purchased land of Peter Benedune, and removed to the place now owned
and occupied by E.G. Penrose, where he lived until his death in 1834.
In 1783, David Rhinehart and Martin Wolfe walked from Lancaster County, Pa.,
to Sam’s Creek, where they purchased a tract of land and soon afterwards
settled on it. Wolfe was the grandfather of Joseph, Samuel, and Daniel
Wolfe. He was somewhat eccentric after a very unusual fashion, and is said
to have been unwilling to dispose of property for a price which he believed
to exceed its real value. David Rhinehart was the grandfather of David,
Daniel. William H., E. Thomas, J.C., and E.F. Rhinehart. William H.
Rhinehart, the great American sculptor, received his first lessons on the
farm now owned and occupied by Daniel Rhinehart, twelve miles southeast of
Union Bridge.
Joel Wright, of Pennsylvania, married Elizabeth Farquhar, daughter of
William Farquhar, and settled on a part of the land acquired by his
father-in-law. He was a surveyor amid school-teacher, arid superinitended a
school under the care of Pipe Creek Monthly Meeting, at that time one of the
best educational institutions in the State. His pupils came from all parts
of the surrounding country, and many were sent to him from Frederick City
and its vicinity. It was common in those days for ladies to make long
journeys on horseback to attend religious meetings or to visit friends. Mrs.
Wright traveled in this way to Brownsville, then called “Red Stone,” in
Pennsylvania, to attend meeting and to visit her relatives. She brought back
with her, on her return, two small sugar-trees and planted them, and from
these have sprung the many beautiful shade-trees of that species which adorn
the vicinity of Union Bridge.
Francis Scott Key, whose name the Star-Spangled Banner” has made immortal,
was born at Terra Rubra, near the Monocacy, in what is now the Middleburg
District of Carroll County, Aug. 9, 1780. In his day he was well known as an
able lawyer and Christian gentleman, but with the lapse of time his
reputation as a poet has overshadowed his many other excellent qualities.
Col. Joshua Gist was an early settler in the Section of Maryland now
embraced within the limits of Carroll County. He was an active partisan in
the Revolutionary war, and during the administration of President John
Adams, near the close of the last century, was marked in his disapproval of
the riotous and insurrectionary proceedings of those opposed to the excise
duty laid upon stills. The disturbance, known in history as the “Whisky
Insurrection,” became so formidable, especially in Western Pennsylvania,
that Mr. Adams appointed Gen. Washington commander of the forces raised to
suppress it. The excitement extended to this region, and the Whisky Boys in
a band marched into Westminster and set up a liberty-pole. The inhabitants
of the town becoming alarmed sent out for Col. Gist, who then commanded a
militia regiment. The colonel, a very courageous man, mounted his horse,
rode into town, drew his sword, and ordered the pole to be cut down, which
was at once done, and placing his foot on it, he thus remained until it was
hewn in pieces. Tulle Boys, concluding discretion to be the better part of
valor, stole out of town, and the incipient revolution was stayed by the
coolness and judgment of a single individual. In 1748, Frederick County was
created by the Colonial Legislature, and that portion of the present county
of Carroll which had previously belonged to Prince George’s was embraced
within its limits, as was almost the whole of Western Maryland. Col. Gist
and Henry Warfield were elected to the House of Delegates of Maryland
towards the close of the eighteenth century, for the express purpose of
securing a division of the county into election districts for the
convenience of the inhabitants, who were at that time compelled to cross the
Monocacy and go all the way to Frederick City to vote.
Joseph Elgar, in the latter part of the last century, established a factory
at Union Bridge for the manufacture of wrought nails,—that is, the nails
were so designated, but in reality they were cut from the bar of iron,
lengthwise with the fibre of the bar, which gave them ductility and
clinching qualities equivalent to wrought nails. Elgar subsequently removed
to Washington and entered the service of the United States, where his genius
was duly appreciated. About the year 1809, Jacob R. Thomas, a neighbor of
Elgar, conceived the idea that the very hard labor of cutting grain in the
harvest-field could be done by machinery driven by horse-power. Prior to
this time, and for some years afterwards, the old system of cradling grain
was the only process generally known for harvesting, and the reaping-machine
may be truthfully said to have been invented by him. Thomas worked at his
machine with great assiduity, and added to it an automatic attachment to
gather the cut grain into sheaves, it being substantially the self-raker of
the present day. During the harvest in the summer of 1811 his machine was so
far perfected as to admit of a trial. It had not been furnished with a
tongue and other appurtenances for attaching horses, and was therefore
pushed into the harvest-field and over the grain by a sufficient number of
men. Thomas Shepherd, recently deceased, and William Shepherd, his brother,
and father of Thomas F. Shepherd and Solomon Shepherd, and Rudolph Stern,
father of Reuben W. Stern, of Westminster, were three of the men who aided
in the trial, and their testimony is unanimous that it cut the grain well
and perfectly, but that its delivery was defective and did not make a good
sheaf. There is no evidence on record as to the manner in which the
gathering attachment was constructed, whether it was like or unlike any of
the automatic rakes of the present day, but the cutting apparatus was the
same in principle as those now in use on the best reapers, mowing in the
same shearslike manner, which has been universally approved and adopted as
the best method of cutting grain, and differing only in the manner of
attaching the knives to the sickle-bar. In modern machines the knives are
short and broad and riveted fast to the sickle-bar, while in Thomas’ machine
the knives were longer and pivoted in the middle, and attached to the
sickle-bar by a pivot at the rear end. Thomas was extremely sensitive, and
unable to bear up against and overcome the incredulity and ridicule
consequent upon the partial failure of the machine, and it was never
finished by him. He afterwards built a factory for the manufacture of flax
into linen, but it did not prove remunerative. He subsequently removed to
Baltimore, where he kept the Globe Inn, on Market Street, and then to
Frederick City, where he kept the City Hotel, and afterwards to Point of
Rocks, on the Potomac River, where at the time of his death he was engaged
in the construction of a steam canal-boat invented by himself. Obed Hussey,
the pioneer in the manufacture of practical reaping-machines, was a cousin
of Jacob R. Thomas. They were intimately acquainted, and Hussey afterwards
perfected Thomas’ invention, and from that McCormick’s, and all others
cutting on the same principle, were framed. The pathetic story of Jacob R.
Thomas is the same so often repeated in the lives of inventors and
discoverers. The spark of genius went out amid the vapors of poverty, while
his quick-witted imitators reaped the golden showers which should have been
poured into his own lap. The region of country afterwards known as Carroll
County now grew apace. The lands were cleared of their demise forests, the
magnificent water-courses were utilized for mills and manufactures, towns
sprang into existence, and the inhabitants, following the motto of the
commonwealth, increased and multiplied. Taneytown, Westminster, Manchester,
Hampstead, Union Bridge, Middleburg, and New Windsor became prosperous
villages. At the close of the last war between Great Britain and the United
States agricultural products commanded excellent prices. Wheat-flour was
sold in the Baltimore markets for fourteen dollars per barrel, and other
commodities realized proportionate prices. The value of land had greatly
appreciated. In April, 1814, Peter Benedune sold out all his land in the
vicinity of Union Bridge at prices ranging from one hundred to one hundred
and twenty dollars per acre, and removed to the Valley of Virginia. About
this time also the spirit of progress was abroad. The Westminster
Fire-Engine and Church Lottery was drawn in Frederick City, July 10, 1813. A
bank was established in Westminster, and it is learned from the newspapers
of the day that the old martial spirit, fanned into a flame during the
Revolution, and rekindled in 1812 by the invasion of the British, was still
active and vigorous. Under date of Oct. 13, 1821, the Frederick ,Herald
says, “At a meeting of the Columbian Independent Company, commanded by Capt.
Nicholas Snider, of Taneytown and the Independent Pipe Creek Company,
commanded by Capt. Thomas Hook, at Middleburg, in Frederick County, . . .
information of the death of Gem John Ross Key was received.”
The people were virtuous and God-fearing. The coiner-stone of the German
Reformed and English Presbyterian church was laid in Taneytown, Sept. 5,
1821. It was about this date also that the inhabitants awakened to a sense
of the value of regular postal communication, and a postal service on
horseback was established from Frederick City to Westminster via Union
Bridge and back once a week. The people were gradually becoming sensible of
the overgrown bulk and unmanageable interests of the immense counties of
Frederick and Baltimore, and the leading men residing in either county in
the vicinity of Westminster began to take an active interest in politics.
Joshua Cockey became a prominent politician in this end of Frederick County,
and represented his constituents in the Senate and Rouse of Delegates. Isaac
Shriver also represented the county several times. William P. Farquhar and
John Fisher were also members of the House of Delegates. Peter Little and
Elias Brown, of Freedom District, represented the Baltimore District in
Congress between the years 1818 and 1828. In 1832 the feeling, which had
been gaining strength for years, that a new county was absolutely needed for
the convenience and prosperity of those dwelling in the eastern portion of
Frederick and the western portion of Baltimore Counties culminated in a
memorial to the Legislature of Maryland petitioning for a division of these
counties and the establishment of a new one to be called “Westminster.”
When the area and population of Frederick and Baltimore Counties are
considered it seems extraordinary that this movement should have been so
long delayed or that it should have met with such decided opposition when
inaugurated. The two counties contained nearly one-fifth of the territorial
area of the State, and, exclusive of the city of Baltimore, they possessed a
population of upwards of eighty-five thousand inhabitants, or very nearly
one-fifth of the whole number of inhabitants in the State. The bounds of the
new county, as proposed by the memorialists, were as follows: “Beginning at
Parr’s Spring, at the head of the western branch of the Patapsco River, and
running with said branch, binding on Anne Arundel County, to the north
branch of said river; thence running up said north branch, excluding the
same, to the old mill on Dr. Moore Falls’ land, including said mill; thence
north seventeen degrees east to the Pennsylvania line; thence, binding on
said line, westwardly to Rock Creek, one of the head-waters of the Monocacy
River; thence with said creek and river, excluding the same, to Double Pipe
Creek; thence with said creek, and with Little Pipe Creek and Sam’s Creek,
including their waters, to Maurois’ mull, excluding said mill, and thence
with a straight line to Parr’s Spring, the beginning.”
It was estimated that the new county would contain about twenty-five
thousand inhabitants. The town of Westminster, beautifully situated in the
valley between the head-waters of Little Pipe Creek and those of the north
branch of the Patapsco, on the road leading from Baltimore to Pittsburgh,
generally known as the Reisterstown turnpike road, and containing a
population of seven hundred souls, was to be the county-seat. The people in
some of the districts were now thoroughly aroused. Complaints were frequent
and vehement of the distance to be traversed to reach the seats of justice
in Baltimore and Frederick Counties respectively, and the difficulties and
delays encountered because of the overcrowded dockets of the courts. The
Star of Federalism, a newspaper, was established at Uniontown, and at
different periods three papers were published at Westminster by George
Keating, Mr. Burke, and George W. Sharpe, all strenuously advocating a
division. The latter afterwards removed to Frederick and established the
Frederick Citizen, The support of these papers was small, and they were soon
discontinued. Although the sentiment in favor of a division was general, the
people were very much divided in opinion as to how it should be done. Some
favored a division of Frederick County alone, some were in favor of
separating Baltimore County from the city and locating the seat of justice
at a central point, while the inhabitants of Westminster and its vicinity,
which was on the dividing line between the two counties, were anxious to
take a portion of each of those counties and form a new one with Westminster
as the county-seat. The memorial mentioned above was presented to the
Legislature of Maryland in 1833, and referred to a committee of which
William Cost Johnson, of Frederick, was chairman. Mr. Johnson was a man of
great ability arid popularity. He introduced a bill into the Legislature
which created a county with the metes and bounds prayed for by the
memorialists, and it was mainly through his efforts that it passed both
houses. It had been the original intention of the petitioners to give the
name of Westminster to the new county, but the bill as passed named it
“Carroll,” in honor of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, then recently
deceased, a man who in character, ability, patriotism, and usefulness has
never been surpassed in Maryland.
The act of Assembly was clogged with a provision requiring its submission to
the vote of the people who lived in the sections of the two counties
proposed to be cut off, and further exacting a majority of the voters in its
favor in each segment. The vote was to be taken viva voce, at the October
election in 1833. The people were now fully alive to the importance of the
question, and the issue was fairly joined. Col. John K. Longwell established
the Carrolltonian at Westminster, June 28, 1833, a journal whose aim was to
advocate the division and educate the people up to a full knowledge of the
advantages likely to accrue from the creation of the new county. The paper
was conducted with marked ability and zeal, and the division, which occurred
four years later, was measurably due to its unflagging energy and fidelity.
As the fall election approached public meetings were held in the districts
interested and the merits of the proposed division very thoroughly
discussed. A very large meeting was held at Westminster and an able address
issued, which was published in pamphlet form in the English and German
languages and very freely circulated in the counties. A committee composed
of the following-named gentlemen was appointed to further the object of the
meeting: C. Birnie, Sr., William Murray, Edward Dorsey, Joshua C. Gist,
Thomas Hook, John McKaleb, Archibald Dorsey, William Sheppard, Mordecai G.
Cockey, John McKellip, Joseph Steele, John Baumgartner, Nicholas Algire,
William Shaw, of H., George Richards, William Roberts, Frederick Ritter,
Samuel Galt, Nicholas Kelley, James C. Atlee, Washington Van Bibber, Evan L.
Crawford, Peter Hull, Philip G. Jones, Peter Erb, Jacob Shriver, William
Brown, Evan McKinstry, Basil D. Stevenson, Philip Englar, Abraham Bixler,
Jacob Landes, William Caples, David Kephart, Sr., Joshua Sellman, William B.
Hebbard, John Malehorn, J. Henry Hoppe, Michael Miller, John Swope, George
Warfield, William Jordan, George Crabbs, Sebastian Sultzer, John C. Keiley,
David Foutz, Jesse Slingluff, Nathan Gorsuch, Joseph Keifer, Abraham Null,
Jesse L. Warfield, George Cassell.
It would seem that with such an array of citizens of worth and excellence in
its favor there should have been no difficulty in securing the passage of
the bill, but a strong opposition was developed in the districts which
belonged to Baltimore County. Their attachment to the county clouded their
judgments, and they refused to listen to reason or to consult their own
interests. The campaign in behalf of the new county was one of the most
memorable and exciting that had ever taken place in Western Maryland, and
after a canvass which embraced every nook and corner of the districts in
Frederick and Baltimore Counties to be segregated the election took place,
and the new county failed to receive a majority of the votes in the
Baltimore County segment, and the division was consequently defeated, as the
following vote by districts will show:
FREDERICK COUNTY.
Districts For. Against.
Westminster 610 139
Taneytown 398 187
Liberty 4 101
New Market 0 22
1012 449
BALTIMORE COUNTY.
Districts For. Against
Dug Hill 150 304
Freedom 141 205
Woolery’s 250 53
Wise’s 0 11
Reisterstown 13 17
554 593
The election was a severe blow to the friends of the new county. They had
not anticipated defeat: indeed, they thought that the measure would be
approved by a large majority of the voters. They did not make sufficient
allowance for county attachments and the influence of tradition, nor did
they properly estimate the jealousy of other villages and the prejudice and
fear of increased taxation, but they were not dismayed by the disaster. They
now knew both their weakness and strength, and they went manfully to work to
retrieve their mistakes. More meetings were called, the people were reasoned
with, and a public sentiment created in favor of the measure in places where
the stoutest opposition had been developed. In 1835 the Whigs nominated Dr.
William Willis as a member of the House of Delegates from Frederick County,
and the Democrats nominated Isaac Shriver. They were both elected, many of
the friends of the new county voting for them. Willis and Shriver, with
their colleagues, Robert Annan arid Daniel Duvall, originated and boldly
pressed another bill on the attention of the Legislature. By this act a
large portion of the Liberty District in Frederick County and all of the New
Market District were excluded from the limits of the new county by making
the Buffalo road the line from Sam’s Creek to Parr’s Spring, and thus were
removed the objections of the people residing in those districts, who were
almost unanimously opposed to separation from the old county. The delegates
were supported in their action by a petition containing 1800 names, and
after laboring diligently during the whole session they had the satisfaction
of procuring the passage of the bill by both branches of the Legislature.
A confirmatory act by the next Legislature was necessary before the bill
could become a law, and it was expected that the measure would have to
encounter determined opposition, especially from the representatives of
Baltimore County, as the project was strongly opposed there, and her
representatives considered themselves under obligations, if possible, to
defeat it.
The political campaign of 1836 was one of the most exciting and
closely-contested struggles that has ever taken place in the State, and
resulted in important changes of the organic law. Senatorial electors were
to be chosen, two from each county, who were to meet in Annapolis and select
the Senate, then consisting of fifteen members. The Whigs of Frederick
County nominated Evan McKinstry and Gideon Bantz, and the Democrats, John
Fisher and Casper Quynn. A strong party in favor of reform in the State
Constitution caused the election of Fisher and Quynn. Of the whole number of
electors the Whigs elected twenty-one and the Democrats nineteen. The
constitution prescribed that twenty-four electors should constitute a
quorum. The electors met in Annapolis, but the nineteen Democrats claimed a
majority of the senators as Reformers, inasmuch as they represented a large
majority of the popular vote of the State, and declined to enter the
electoral college until their proposition was granted. The Whigs indignantly
refused to accede to their demand, and the Democrats left for their homes in
a body, receiving from their friends the appellation of the “Glorious
Nineteen.”
The withdrawal of the Democrats from Annapolis produced a profound sensation
in Maryland. By the Whigs it was considered revolutionary, and many persons
became alarmed. The Whig friends of the new county were afraid that it would
cause the rejection of their favorite scheme.
When the Whig and Democratic senatorial electors were nominated in Frederick
County a ticket was named by each party for the House of Delegates. The Whig
ticket was composed of Jacob Matthias, Francis Brengle, Joshua Doub, and
George Bowlus. Isaac Shriver was again placed on the Democratic ticket.
Francis Thomas, afterwards Governor of Maryland, was at that time the leader
of the Democracy in the western portion of the State. The action of the
Democratic electors, and the feeling in the party consequent thereupon, led
him to believe that the time was ripe for a change in the constitution. He
therefore advised the withdrawal of the Democratic legislative ticket, and
proposed instead the selection of delegates to a Constitutional Convention
at the regular election. This was done, and the Whig delegates in Frederick
County were elected without opposition. In other portions of the State the
secession of the “Glorious Nineteen” was not regarded with favor, and the
reaction in public sentiment gave the Whigs a large majority in the House of
Delegates, a number of counties in which they had been defeated at the
September elections sending solid Whig delegations to Annapolis.
Five of the Democratic senatorial electors considered themselves instructed
by this decisive manifestation of the will of the people, and agreed to
unite with the twenty-one Whigs and elect a Senate. William Schley, of
Frederick, and Elias Brown, of Baltimore County, were chosen as two of the
fifteen senators. The proposition to hold a Constitutional Convention was
abandoned. It was conceded, however, that some reform was needed, and
accordingly, upon the assembling of the Legislature, Governor Veazy, in his
annual message, recommended that the election of Governor and senators
should be given to the people, and that Carroll County be created, so as to
diminish the size of the largest two counties and give an addition of four
members to the popular branch of the Legislature. These measures received
the sanction of public approval, the constitution was amended to meet the
views of the Governor, and the confirmatory act creating Carroll County
passed the House of Delegates by a majority of twenty-eight, and every
senator, with the exception of Elias Brown, cast his vote in favor of it. It
was signed by the Governor, and became a law Jan. 19, 1837, so that in all
probability the course pursued by the “Glorious Nineteen,” instead of
proving adverse to the creation of the new county, had the tendency to bring
to its support, as a conciliatory measure, many of the representatives from
the smaller counties of the State. This long-deferred victory was hailed
with demonstrations of delight by the citizens of Westminster and the
surrounding country. It was celebrated by a procession, with arches,
banners, and an illumination, and an address was delivered in the Old Union
church by James Raymond.
The following is the act of Assembly, passed March 25, 1836, for the
creation of Carroll County:
“WHEREAS, a considerable body of the inhabitants of Baltimore and Frederick
Counties, by their petition to this General Assembly, have prayed that an
act may be passed for a division of said counties, and for erecting a new
one out of parts thereof; and whereas, it appears to this General Assembly
that the erecting of a new county out of such parts of Baltimore and
Frederick Counties will greatly conduce to the ease and convenience of the
people thereof; therefore
“SEC. 1. be it enacted by the General Assembly of Maryland, That after the
confirmation of this act such parts of the aforesaid counties of Baltimore
and Frederick as are contained within the bounds and limits following, to
wit: beginning at the Pennsylvania line where Rock Creek crosses said line,
thence with the course of said creek until it merges in the Monocacy river,
thence with the Monocacy to the point where Double Pipe Creek empties into
Monocacy, thence with the course of Pipe Creek to the point of junction of
Little Pipe Creek and Big Pipe Creek, thence with the course of Little Pipe
Creek to the point where Sam’s Creek empties into Little Pipe Creek, thence
with Sam’s Creek to Warfield’s mill, thence with the road called the Buffalo
road, and to a point called Parr’s Spring, thence with the western branch of
the Patapsco Falls to the point of its junction with the northern branch of
the Patapsco Falls, thence with the northern branch of said falls to the
bridge erected over said falls on the turnpike road leading from
Reisterstown to Westminster, thence with a straight course to the
Pennsylvania line, running north seventeen degrees east, thence with the
Pennsylvania line to the place of beginning, shall be erected into a new
county by the name of Carroll Countyy, and that the seat of justice thereof
be established at Westminster.
“SEC. 2. And be it enacted, That the inhabitants of Carroll County shall
have, hold, and enjoy all the immunities, rights, and privileges enjoyed by
the inhabitants of any other county in this State.
“SEC. 3. And be it enacted, That the taxes which shall be levied by the
commissioners of Baltimore County, prior to the confirmation of this act, on
such parts of Baltimore County as are to constitute a part of Carroll County
shall be collected and paid to the treasurer of Baltimore County, and the
same he applied precisely as if this act had not passed; and that the taxes
which shall be levied by the justices of the Levy Court of Frederick County,
prior to the confirmation of this act, on the parts of Frederick County as
are to constitute Carroll County shall be applied precisely as if this act
had not passed.
“SEC. 4. And be it enacted, That all causes, processes, and pleadings which
shall be depending in Frederick County Court and Baltimore County Court when
this act shall be confirmed shall and may be prosecuted as eventually in the
courts where the same be depending as if this act had not been made.
“SEC. 5. And be it enacted, That the county of Carroll shall be a part of
the Third Judicial District of this State, and the justices of the said
district for the time being shall be the judges of the County Court of
Carroll County, and the said County Court shall be held as may be directed
by law, and shall have and exercise the same powers and jurisdiction, both
at law and in equity, as other County Courts of this State.
“SEC. 6. And be it enacted, That the election districts in Carroll County
shall be nine in number, and their limits, as well as the limits of the
election districts in Baltimore and Frederick Counties, shall be established
after the confirmation of this act as shall be directed by law.
“SEC. 7. And be it enacted, That after the confirmation of this act by the
next General Assembly, a writ of election shall issue for holding an
election in said county for four delegates to represent said county in the
General Assembly which shall then be in session.
“SEC. 8. And be it enacted, That if this act shall be confirmed by the
General Assembly, after the next election of delegates at the first session
after such new election, according to the constitution and form of
government, that in such ease this alteration and amendment of the
constitution and form of government shall constitute and be valid as part
thereof; and everything therein contained repugnant to or inconsistent with
this act be repealed and abolished.”
The county was created, but much remained to be done. Carroll was in an
embryotic condition. She was as helpless as a newly-born babe. Public
buildings were to be erected, courts of justice established, officers
chosen, and the county must be districted, Mr. Matthias, who had labored
zealously for the creation of the new county, now applied himself to
bringing order out of chaos. Bills were introduced into the Legislature for
the working machinery and to set it in motion. At that time the register of
wills was chosen by the Legislature. After a sharp contest between a number
of candidates, John Baumgartner, of Taneytown District, was elected. Acts of
Assembly were introduced and passed providing for the appointment of county
commissioners, for the assessment of real and personal property, for the
meeting of the County Court, for the establishment of the Orphans’ Court,
for the opening of public roads, for the purchase of sites and the erection
of public buildings thereon, for the election of a sheriff and the
appointment of subordinate officers, and for the election of four delegates
to the General Assembly, and at the end of the session of 1837 Carroll
County was fairly on its legs and provided with the necessary legislation
for the career of prosperity and progress upon which it was about to enter.
The following-named gentlemen were appointed to lay off the election
districts: Samuel Galt, James C. Atlee, Thomas Hook, Samuel W. Myers, Joshua
Smith, Abraham Wampler, Daniel Stull, Mordecai G. Cockey, Stephen Gorsuch,
Joseph Steele, George W. Warfield, Frederick Ritter, and William McIlvain.
They divided the county into nine districts as follows: Taneytown,
Uniontown, Myers’, Woolery’s, Freedom, Manchester, Westminster, and
Franklin. Since then the districts of Middleburg, New Windsor, and Union
Bridge have been added. The districts were marked out Feb. 15, 1837, and the
report of the commission was filed with the county clerk June 20, 1837, but
not recorded until May 18, 1846. In March, 1837, an election was held for
sheriff, the first that had taken place in Carroll County, and as a matter
of interest the judges and clerks of election are given:
District No. 1, John Clabaugh, Jacob Correll, John Thomson, Jacob Wickert,
James McKellip.
District No. 2, Moses Shaw, Sr., Israel Norris, David Foutz, John Hyder, Wm.
C. Wright.
District No. 3, Wm. Coghlan, Peter Bankard, David B. Earhart, John Erb,
Jacob H. Kemp.
District No. 4, Wm. Jameson, Edward E. Hall, George Jacobs, Wm. Jordan, Wm.
Stansberry.
District No. 5, Robert Hudson, Nicholas Dorsey, Benjamin Bennett, Wm.
Whalen, Otho Shipley.
District No. 6, Henry N. Brinkman, Frederick Ritter, Jarrett Garner, John
Kerlinger, Joseph M. Parke.
District No. 7, Joshua Smith, David Uhler, Lewis Wampler, Jonathan Norris,
Charles W. Webster.
District No. 8, Wm. Mcllvaine, George Richards, John Lamotte, John Fowble,
George Richards, Jr.
District No. 9, James Douty, Thomas Barnes, Robert Bennett, Joshua C. Gist,
Thomas E.D. Poole.
A number of candidates sought the suffrages of the citizens, and the contest
between Nicholas Kelley, Isaac Dern, and Basil Root, the leading aspirants,
was very close, resulting in the election of Nicholas Kelley as the first
sheriff of the county. The inauguration of the county government took place
the first Monday in April, 1837. On that day the Circuit Court, the Orphans’
Court, and the county commissioners all met in Westminster.
The Circuit Court met in the dwelling of Dr. Willis, now owned by Mr. Boyle,
Judges Dorsey and Kilgour on the bench. After an appropriate introductory
address, Judge Dorsey announced the appointment of Dr. William Willis as
county clerk, which was received with unqualified approval by those present.
The court then appointed James Keiffer court crier, and accepted the bonds
of the clerk and sheriff. William P. Maulsby, James Raymond, James M.
Shellman, A.F. Shriver, and T. Parkin Scott were admitted as attorneys of
the Carroll County bar. Mr. Maulsby was appointed and qualified as State’s
attorney for the county. The court then adjourned to meet in the old Union
church, where its sessions were afterwards held until a court-house was
built.
The Orphans’ Court of Carroll County convened for the first time April 10,
1837, in the Wampler mansion, on the corner of Church Street, which building
it occupied until the erection of a courthouse. The commissions of Judges
Abraham Wampler, William Jameson, and Robert Hudson were received from
Theodoric Bland, chancellor of the State of Maryland, and read and recorded,
after which the judges qualified and proceeded to business. John Baumgartner
was qualified as register of wills, and appointed George B. Shriver
assistant register. The first business of a general nature transacted by the
court was the appointment of Peter Gettier and Peter Utz to view and
estimate the annual value of the real estate of Julia, Mary, George, Joseph,
Peter, and Amos Sauble, minors, in the hands of Dr. Jacob Shower, their
guardian. A notice was filed from Elizabeth, widow of Peter Sauble, refusing
to administer on decedent’s estate; also a similar notice from John and
Michael, brothers of the deceased.
April 17th. The court directed Nelly Demmitt to dispose of the personal
property of William Demmitt as administratrix.
May 1st. James Raymond was admitted as an attorney in this court, the first
mentioned in the proceedings, and William P. Maulsby was admitted at the
same time.
May 8th. Nancy Koutz was appointed guardian to Joshua Koutz.
June 5th. In the case of Jacob Sellers, administrator of Philip Sellers,
deceased, vs. George Wareham, a citation was issued, the first citation
going out of this court.
June 12th. On application of Jesse Lee, John Barney, a colored boy, aged six
years, was bound to said Lee until the said boy arrived at twenty-one year’s
of age.
The first administrators mentioned at the April term were Dr. Jacob Shower,
of Peter Sauble’s estate; Nelly Demmitt, of her husband, William Demmitt;
Adam Feeser, of Elizabeth Feeser.
The first executors were Joseph Cookson, of the estate of Samuel Cookson,
deceased; Karahappuck Towson, of James Towson; and Peter Nace, of Peter
Nace, Sr.
The first petition filed in any suit was that of George Wareham vs. Jacob
Sellers, administrator of Philip Sellers, deceased. The first suit was
indorsed “No. 1.”
The following is a list of the wills admitted to probate during the first
two years subsequent to the organization of the county:
1. Elizabeth Tawney, April 10, 1837. Witnesses, David Roop, John Schweigart,
John Roop, Jr. Before John Baumgartner, register, and the judges of the
Orphans’ Court.
2. Samuel Cookson, April 17th. Witnesses, Joseph, Samuel, and John Weaver.
3. James Towson, April 17th. Witnesses, John Philip and Jacob Frine.
4. Peter Nace, the elder (dated 1827), and admitted to probate in Baltimore
County, Dec. 27, 1831. Certified copy recorded in Carroll County, April 17,
1837.
5. Lauranty Freed, of Baltimore County. Certified copy of its probate there.
Recorded April 17, 1837.
6. Lydia Hatton, April 17th.
7. Jacob Hoffman, May 1, 1837.
8. Solomon McHanney, June 5th.
9. Elizabeth Ann Howard, July 25th. Witnesses, Samuel Greenhalt, Asbury O.
Warfield, D.W. Naill.
10. Henry Warehamn, July 22d. Witnesses, J. Henry Hoppe, Jacob Matthias, of
George, Daniel Stowsifer, John Baumgartner.
11. David Geirman, August 9th. Witnesses, David Lister, of Jacob, George
Croul, David Myerly.
12. Ann Brown, August 30th. Witnesses, N. Dorsey, Abel Scrivenar, Geo. W.
Warfield.
13. Eliza C. Dorsey, August 30th. Witnesses, Edward Frizzell, Joseph Black,
Thomas Beasman.
14. Aquila Garrettson, September 5th. Witnesses, George Bramwell, Mordecai
G. Cockey, John Malehorn.
15. Jonathan Parrish, September 11th.
16. John Menche, October 17th. Witnesses, Peter Sawble, Michael Gettier,
Jacob Kerlinger.
17. John Foltze, November 6th. Witnesses, Jacob Gitt, George Weaver, of H.,
James Marshall.
18. John Krumine, November 27th. Witnesses, Jacob Baumgartner, Philip Wentz,
Jonathan Sterner.
19. Adam Frankforter, Jan. 1, 1838. Witnesses, Henry N. Brinckman, Jacob
Gitt, Jacob W. Boesing.
20. Mary Ann Engel, January 2d. Witnesses, John Baumgartner, George Hawk.
21. John Gilliss, January 13th. Witnesses, Augustus Riggs, Wm. Curlien,
James L. Riggs.
22. Archibald Barnes, January 22d. Witnesses, Joshua C. Gist, Joshua
Franklin, Benjamin Bennett.
23. Joseph Arnold, February 12th. Witnesses, David Leister, George Croul,
John Baumgartner.
24. Richard Manning, Sr., February 19th. Witnesses, Wm. Jameson, David
Tawney, Peter Flater.
25. Catharine Manro, February 26th. Witnesses, Joshua C. Gist, Joseph
harden, Jacob Hiltabeidel.
26. John Lambert, March 26th. Witnesses, John Smelser, David Smelser, David
Gorsuch.
27. James Steele, April 2d. Witnesses, N. Browne, Beale Buckingham, Vachel
Buckingham.
28. Ezekiel Baring, May 7th.
29. Rachel Wentz, May 14th.
30. Nary Hooker, June 25th.
31. Baltzer Hesson, July 9th. Witnesses, Sterling Galt, Josiah Baumgartner,
F.J. Baumgartner.
32. Nicholas H. Brown, July 13th.
33. George Tener, July 30th.
34. Jacob Brown, September 3d. Witnesses, Michael Sholl, Jr., John Streavig,
George Koons.
35. Peter Shriner, September 4th. Witnesses, Evan McKinstry, David Engler,
John P. Shriner.
36. Patrick Hinds, October 8th.
37. Margaret Reid, October 8th. Witnesses, A.B.R. McLine, Samuel Naill,
James Maloney.
38. Veronica Peters, October 8th.
39. Margaret Durbin, October 8th.
40. Hannah Wampler, October 15th. Witnesses, Jacob Yingling, Wm. Yingling,
Wm. Zeppe.
41. Peter Arbaugh, October 29th. Witnesses, Solomon Wooley, William Lockard,
Stephen Ourslers.
42. Jacob Reid, October 29th.
43. Elizabeth Keys, October 29th.
44. Mary Lampert, November 19th. Witnesses, James H. Gorsuch, Henry Long,
Jacob Frine.
45. Susannah Loveall, Jan. 14, 1839. Witnesses, Henry Ebaugh, of George,
George Ebaugh, John Rinehart.
46. Peter Shoemaker, Dec. 31, 1838. Witnesses, John Nusbaum, Abraham Hesson,
Jacob Sell, Peter Dehoff.
47. Solomon Foutz, Feb. 11, 1839. Witnesses, Abraham Myers, John Flegle,
Philip Boyle.
48. Michael Wagner, March 4th. Witnesses, John Hyder, John Smith, John
Nusbaum.
The first death was recorded April 4, 1837. It was that of Basil D.
Stevenson, surviving executor of Samuel Stevenson, deceased, to Hannah
Shipley for four hundred and sixty-nine acres, adjoining “Fell’s Dale;”
consideration, $2665. Dated April 1, 1837.
The first mortgage was recorded April 5th, and was from John Knox to James
Knox et al, and dated March 2, 1837.
The second deed was from J. Mason Campbell, trustee, to the president and
directors of the Union Bank of Maryland, and was recorded April 8th. Dated
April 1, 1837; consideration, one dollar. The land conveyed was Lot No. 6,
of ninety acres, and was called “Legh Castle,” being part of the late Legh
Master’s estate. It adjoined tracts called “Bond’s Meadow Enlarged,” “Long
Valley,” and “Brown’s Delight.” It was a part of the tract issued to the
late William Winchester and his heirs by James Clark and Joseph G.J. Bend,
surviving trustees of Rev. Legh H. Master, by an indenture of March 14,
1812.
The third deed was recorded April 8th, and was from Basil D. Stevenson,
surviving executor of Samuel Stevenson, deceased. Its date of execution and
record were the same. It conveyed one hundred and forty-seven acres, three
roods, and twelve perches, and was parts of tracts called “The Resurvey on
Father’s Gift,” “Rich Meadows,” and “Pigeon’s Hill.” Consideration,
$1034.76.
The second mortgage was recorded April 11th, and was from William Jordan to
Richard Johns. It was on one hundred and thirty-nine and a half acres called
“Curgafergus,” and two hundred and fifty acres called “Mount Pisgah.”
The fourth deed was recorded April 11th, from Jacob Reese and wife to Jacob
Roop, dated March 25, 1837. It was for one-half acre of “Bond’s Meadow.”
Consideration, $600.
The following are the first marriage licenses issued by the clerk of the
court for a period of two years after the creation of the county of Carroll:
1837.
April 8. John Kroh and Julia Weaver.
May 1. Thomas Bosley and Elizabeth Wheeler.
“ 9. Samuel Dayhoffe and Nancy Wheeler.
“ 14. Silas M. Homer and Elizabeth McAlister.
“ 17. Samuel L. Linah and Maria Six.
June 5. Shadrach Bosley and Serepta Sater.
“ 6. Joseph Bowers and Elizabeth Cullison.
“ 6. Wm. F. Smyth and Elizabeth Bixler.
“ 8. Jeremiah Robinson and Ann Smith.
“ 16. Geo. B. Shipley and Ann Shipley.
“ 20. Wm. Naill, Jr., and Mary A. Rudisel.
July 8. Abraham Reaver and Catharine Jones.
“ 15. Jacob Michael and Eve Grogg.
“ 26. Wm. W. Warfield and Jemima Fonnwalt.
“ 26. Daniel Lampart and Julian Loveall. (Rev. E. Keller.)
Sept. 1. Conrad Koons and Mary E. Zunbunn.
“ 15. Porcius Gilleys and Rachel Evans. (Rev. Lloyd Selby.)
“ 23. David Haines and Sarah W. Durbin.
“ 25. Thos. C. Thomson and Mary Shunk. (Rev. E. Keller.)
Oct. 2. James Shaeffer and Margaret Cottrider.
“ 7. George Bixler and Mary Grittier.
“ 9. Andrew C. Fowble and Elizabeth Murray.
“ 16. Nicholas Dorsey and Rachel Clemson. (Rev. Dr. Reese.)
“ 16. Peter Rinamon and Margaret Strickling. (Rev. J. Geiger.)
“ 25. George W. Manro and Elizabeth Kelly. (Rev. Samuel Gore.)
Nov. 11. John Sweeden and Charlotte Weaver.
“ 28. Josiah Roop and Elizabeth Shafer. (Rev. William Prettyman.)
Dec. 6. Elisha Shreeve and Minerva Bennett.
“ 20. D.W. Houck and Rachel F. Allgire.
“ 22. Aaron Goswell and Ann Leatherwood.
“ 26. Elisha Wheeler and Sarah Shambarger.
“ 27. Beall Sellman and Mary B. Weaver.
“ 29. Thomas Rudisell and Ann M. Snyder. (Rev. E. Roller.)
1838.
Jan. 15. John Weist and Elizabeth Mouse. (Rev. Jacob Geiger.)
Feb. 1. Jacob Lynn and Louisa Crabbs. (Rev. D. Zollickoffer.)
“ 3. George W. Grimes and Eliza Buffington. (Rev. E. Keller.)
“ 8. George W. Litzenger and Martha A. Keefer.
“ 10. Samuel Myers and Eliza C. Dagen. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
“ 12. Jacob Gieman and Julian Haines. (Rev. Jacob Geiger.)
“ 28. Joseph Kelly and Naomi Ross. (Rev. N. Harden.)
March 3. William E. Shipley and Mary A. Dorsey. (Rev. Hood.)
“ 6. Samuel Price and Catharine Ripple.
“ 7. James Smith and Catharine Diffenbaugh. (Rev. Israel flames.)
“ 8. Jacob Flatter and Elizabeth Bush.
“ 12. Jacob Smith and Angeline Christ. (Rev. Miller.)
“ 18. Thomas Loveall and Jane A. Cushing. (Rev. Jonathan Forrest.)
“ 19. John Myerly and Emmaline Little. (Rev. Israel .Haines.)
“ 22. George Richards, Jr., and Lucinda Aligire.
“ 26. Henry S. Black and Rachel Maring. (Rev. E. Keller.)
“ 30. N.B. Stocksdale and Elizabeth Cover. (Rev. Lloyd Selby.)
April 3. Noah Brown and Bartholow Richards. (Rev. Aaron Richards.)
“ 3. Christopher Weisman and Mary A. Guthing. (Rev. Jacob Geiger.)
“ 5. Peter Nace and Susanna Meyselman.
“ 14. Lewis J. Grove and Carrilla Barnes. (Rev. Hunt.)
May 9. Alexander H. Senceny and Lavinia Englar. (Rev. David Englar.)
“ 14. John Roberts and Catharine A. Boyle. (Rev. N. Zocchi.)
“ 21. Joseph Wilson and Sarah E. Vanzant. (Rev. Samuel Grove.)
May 21. Elisha Bennett and Rachel Prugh. (Rev. Jonathan Forrest.)
“ 25. John Warner and Susanna Fisher.
“ 30. Ephraim Lindsey and Eliza Fringer. (Rev. Samuel Gore.)
“ 31. Benjamin W. Bennett and Margaret Clemson. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
June 11. John Loveall and Elizabeth Houck.
“ 23. Aaron Wheeler and Matilda Barnes.
“ 26. Washington Wilson and Margaret Smith. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
“ 30. Robert Collins and Honor Elder. (Rev. William Hunt.)
July 25. David Shipley and Mary A. Wheeler.
Aug. 13. Jacob Ocker and Barbara Fleegle.
“ 13. John W. Ogborn and Eliza Pole. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
“ 21. Larkin Shipley and Rebecca Shipley. (Rev. S. Gore.)
“ 31. Giles Cole and Mary Merryman. (Rev. William Hunt.)
Sept. 12. John Baile and Sarah L. Eby. (Rev. Boyle.)
“ 15. Obadiah Buckingham and Mary A. Barlow.
“ 17. Dones Groff and Mary S. Biggs. (Rev. William Pretty man.)
“ 20. Ephraim Shultz and Jane Crawford.
“ 22. John M. Blizzard and Ann Welsh.
“ 25. John Slyder and Catharine Wentz.
Oct. 6. Thomas Wright and Caroline Frizzell.
“ 11. Dr. David Diller and Ann E. Matthias. (Rev. N. Zocchi.)
“ 15. Washington Senceney and Mary A. Grimes. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
“ 18. Henry Nicodemus and Margaret McCreery. (Rev. William Prettyman.)
“ 18. William S. Brown and Carrilla Manning.
“ 27. Samuel B. Shipley and Leah Shipley.
“ 27. William Otter and Elizabeth Lathemim.
“ 30. John Reigle and Catharine Reaver. (Rev. E. Keller.)
Nov. 6. John Omnergoast and Barbara Leister.
“ 20. John Elder and Rebecca Selby. (Rev. Samuel Gore.)
“ 20. Jacob Ecker and Sarah Dudderar. (Rev. Webster.)
“ 22. Dennis Grimes and Sarah A. Pool. (Rev. Nicholas Harden.)
“ 27. Levin Williams and Susan Haines. (Rev. N. Harden.)
“ 28. John Walker and Mary A. Tucker. (Rev. Lloyd Selby.)
“ 5. Michael Smith and Maria Haines.
“ 14. W.W. Garner and Harriet Murray.
“ 19. Joseph Marriott and Sarah Shipley.
“ 22. Benjamin Davis and Mary Ward.
“ 24. Wm. Warner and Rebecca Warner. (Rev. Daniel Zollick offer.)
“ 28. Abraham Wilson and Delilah Hervey. 1839.
Jan. 17. Jesse Baker and Eliza E. Bailey. (Rev. S. Gore.)
“ 23. John T. Fisher and Sophia Stansbury. (Rev. Harple.)
Feb. 8. Jonas Engler and Hannah Stoner.
“ 14. Geo. Croft and Anne Ruby. (Rev. Richards.)
“ 18. Levi Hiner and Mary Medcalf. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
Feb. 26. James Thompson and Mary A. Hitterbridle. (Rev. Robert S. Grier.)
“ 28. Conrad Moul and Lydia A. Kesselring. (Rev. Josiah Varden.)
March 2. Michael Bartholow, Jr., and Elizabeth A. Plaiten.
“ 9. Hanson Carmack and Harriet Clabaugh.
“ 11. Josiah Baugher and Mary Babylon. (Rev. Daniel Zollickoffer.)
“ 13. Levi Davis and Julian Shriver. (Rev. Josiah Varden.)
“ 13. James Parrish and Ruth Creswell.
“ 15. Samuel Shriner and Mary A. Merring.
April 1. Isaac Magee and Margaret Dayhoffe.
“ 1. Henry E. Beltz and Julian A. Motter.
May 4. Michael Hubbard and Rachel Durbin. (Rev. D. Zollickoffer.)
“ 15. John Roop, Jr., and Lydia Eagle.
On Oct. 5, 1840, at Annapolis, Hon. James G. Berrott, of Carroll County, was
married by Rev. Mr. Mcllheney to Miss Julia W., only daughter of the late
John W. Bordley, of the former place.
The following is the first marriage license issued in the new county:
“Whereas, application has been made to me by John Kroh, of Carroll County,
and Julia Weaver, of Carroll County, for License to be joined in Holy
Matrimony.
“These are therefore to authorize and license you to solemnize the Rites of
Matrimony between said persons according to law, there appearing to you no
lawful cause or just impediment by reason of any Consanguinity or Affinity
to hinder the same.
“Given under my hand and the seal of my office this 8th of April, in the
year 1837.
“GEORGE MACKUBIN,
[SEAL]
“Treasurer Western Shore.
“To the REV. JACOB GEIGER or any other person authorized by law to celebrate
the marriage in the State of Maryland.
“WILLIAM WILLIS,
“Clerk C.C., Md.”
Sheriff Kelley converted a portion of the brick mansion in Westminster now
owned by William Reese into a jail, and used it as such until the present
prison was built. There was but one prisoner confined in it, and he is said
to have made his escape by sliding down the spouting. The county
commissioners met in a room of the Wampler tavern, and organized with Otho
Shipley as clerk, and Thomas Hook county collector. A number of places were
suggested as sites for the public buildings, including the land on which
they now stand, the lot at present occupied by the Dallas mansion, and the
ground on which the Reformed church is built. The advantages of all were
fairly considered by the commissioners, and on May 25, 1837, they accepted
for the site of the courthouse an acre of ground from Isaac Shriver,
immediately in rear of his tavern-stand, and about three hundred yards from
Main Street, with ground for streets on three sides of it. For the jail they
accepted an acre of land a short distance northeast of the court-house site,
and about four hundred yards from Main Street. This was donated by the heirs
of David Fisher.
The jail was built in 1837, by B.F. Forester and Johnzee Selby, at a cost of
four thousand dollars, and since that time the jail-yard and other
improvements have been added.
The second term of the Circuit Court was held Sept. 4, 1837. Chief Justice
Thomas B. Dorsey presided, with Thomas H. Wilkinson as associate judge. The
grand jury, the first in the new county, appeared, and was sworn as follows:
William Brown (foreman), Jonathan Dorsey, Charles Devilbiss, Daniel Stull,
John T. Mathias, William McIlvain, David Z. Buchen, Jacob Kerlinger, Daniel
Homer, Nathaniel Sykes, Frederick Ritter, William Caples, William Fisher,
John Jones, Jacob Grove, Michael Sullivan, Andrew C. Fowble, Thomas Sater,
Samuel L. Swarmstead, Edward Dorsey, Joseph Shaffer, Isaac Peru, and John
Henry Hopper.
Nicholas Kelley was sheriff, William Willis, clerk, and Emmanuel Gem and
Henry Geatty, bailiffs. The grand jury returned true bills against George
Ramsbery for resisting an officer; Jacob Boring, breach of the peace;
Whitfield Garner, the same; Charlotte White, colored, larceny; Michael
Wagner, assault; B. Eck, maltreatment to his slave “Poll;” William Coghlan
and Peter Bankert, misdemeanor in office; William Grimes, Benjamin Davis,
Resin Franklin, Jacob Gilavier, Nimrod Booby, Jacob Sanders, selling liquor
without a license. The presentments against the last four were withdrawn by
the grand jury and not returned. It will be observed from the perusal of the
above that the offenses committed in 1837 did not differ materially from
those of which the county courts take cognizance nowadays, though there was
a commendable absence of the higher crimes, such as murder, arson, burglary,
and robbery, which too frequently deface the present records of judicial
tribunals. James Keifer was appointed court crier. James Mybrea filed a
declaration of his intention to become a citizen of the United States and
renounce his allegiance to the King of Great Britain. Henry Short, a native
of Holland, also appeared and gave notice of his intention to become a
naturalized citizen of this country. The following was the petit jury, the
first in the county: John Cover, Jacob Gitt, John Kuhn, Sr., Basil Root,
Evan L. Crawford, William Shaw, Joshua F. Copp, Robert Crawford, Isaiah
Pearce, Nicholas H. Brown, Elijah Bond, Henry H. Harbaugh, Benjamin
Bennett., Daniel Yeiser, Evan Garner, Thomas Smith, Thomas Bartholow, Nimrod
Frizzell, Benjamin Yingling, Mordecai G. Cockey, Hezekiah Crout. The first
case tried was that of an appeal of William Naill vs. Jesse Reifsnider. The
witnesses for appellant were Elias Grimes and Elias Naill, and for appellee,
Samuel Reindollar and Israel Hiteshue. The jury found for the appellant
without leaving the box. The next cause was that of James Smith vs. Samuel
Gatt, William Shaw, Silas Hauer, Washington Hauer, and Jacob Shoemaker,
trustees of the church, an appeal. The witnesses were John W. McAlister for
appellant, and James Bar, David Kephart, John Thompson for appellee.
Judgment was affirmed with costs. Godfried Guyser, a native of Wurtemberg,
Germany, John Reisly, of the same place, and Jacob Lewis arid Philip Yoost,
natives of Darwstadt, Germany, all filed their intentions to become American
citizens. Fifty-six witnesses testified before the grand jury, among whom
were the following constables: John Shockney, Jacob Frankfortder, Thomas
Brummel, Andrew P. Barnes, George Ogg, Emanuel Gernand, Warren P. Little,
Evan Black, John Krantz, William Grunbine, Abraham England, William
Stansbury, Samuel Lamrnott, John Clabaugh, David Kephart, George Willott,
Frederick Yingling, Joseph Smith. On the petition of John S. Murray to
inquire whether George Ecklar was an insane person and a pauper the jury
refused an inquisition. The first criminal case tried was that of the State
of Maryland vs. Charlotte White (colored), indicted for larceny, and the
jury found a verdict of not guilty. The second State case was that of George
Ramsbery for resisting a constable, in which a verdict of guilty was
returned. The defendant was ordered to pay a fine of five dollars and be
imprisoned sixty days. The third session of the County Court met Sept. 3,
1838, when the following grand jury was sworn: Jacob Landes (foreman), John
A. Byers, John Adlisperger, Josiah Shilling, Peter Lippy, George W. Manro,
Eli Hewitt, George Miller, Thomas Shepherd, Nimrod Woolery, Robert J.
Jameson, Richard Smith, Samuel W. Myers, Robert B. Shipley, Joseph Poole,
William Lockert, Solomon Myerly, Lewis Shuey, Benjamin B. Forrester, Henry
Cover, Martin Krole, Adam Beiser. The petit jury were John McCollum, David
Weaver, Julius Bennett, Nelson Norris, David Buffington, Isaac Powder, John
Fowble, Francis Haines, David P. Deal, Henry W. Ports, Daniel Hoover,
Micajah Rogers, Richard Owings, Den Ler Shipley, Horatio Price, Beal
Buckingham, David Fowble, John Krouse, John Goruell, Michael Sullivan, John
H. Hoppe, Francis Shriver, George Bramwell, Jacob Null.
The corner-stone of the present court-house of Carroll County was laid in
June, 1838, with appropriate military and civic ceremonies. It was an
occasion of general rejoicing, and a large concourse of people assembled to
mark the event. Four military companies marched in the procession, commanded
by Capts. Skinner, of Hanover, Swope, of Taneytown, Bramwell, of Finksburg,
and Longwell, of Westminster. The stone was laid by Andrew Shriver, assisted
by Col. Joshua Gist, then in his ninety-fourth year, a brother of Gen.
Mordecai Gist, of Maryland, who won an imperishable name during the
Revolution as a soldier and patriot, he having especially distinguished
himself in the battles of Long Island and Camden. An address was delivered
by Samuel P. Lecompte, and a number of impromptu speeches were made by
prominent citizens. Conrad Moul was the contractor for the building, and the
masonry of both the courthouse and jail was done by Ephraim Swope and Thomas
W. Durbin. The court-house was built at a cost of eighteen thousand dollars,
and notwithstanding it was erected more than forty years ago it is now a
substantial and durable edifice, and a credit to the commissioners under
whose administration it was constructed.
In 1838 the county government was perfected, all necessary subordinate
officers had been elected or appointed, those who had opposed the creation
of a new county had become reconciled to the situation, and thenceforward
Carroll took its proper place among the older organizations as one of the
most vigorous, progressive, and influential counties of Maryland.
Carroll County is bounded on the north by Pennsylvania, on the south by the
Patapsco River, which separates it from Howard County, on the cast by
Baltimore County, and on the west by Frederick County. Its natural
advantages are great. The surface is undulating, the gently sloping hills,
like the billows of the ocean, swelling gradually in the direction of the
Catoctin range, a spur of the Blue Ridge. The tributaries of the Patapsco
and Monocacy Rivers permeate the soil in every direction, not only supplying
abundant water for farming purposes, but affording to the miller and
manufacturer unlimited power for their handicrafts. The soils comprise all
the varieties of the Blue Ridge division of the State, as white and red
isinglass, slate, mica, limestone, and the “Red Lands,” They are for the
most part exceedingly fertile, the county possessing probably a smaller
proportion of poor land than almost any other in Maryland, and where
impoverished they are readily susceptible of improvement by careful
cultivation and the use of lime, which exists in such abundance beneath the
surface. The county is well wooded, and the scenery picturesque and
beautiful, abounding in charming valleys, hemmed in by hills, on which the
growth of the heaviest forest-trees gives the necessary shading to the
landscape, and where a view of the distant Blue Ridge can be obtained, which
is the case in many portions of the county, very happy effects are produced.
The inhabitants have always been thrifty and energetic, and agriculture has
received here its most perfect development. Fine farms abound. Wheat, rye,
oats, and corn, the various grasses, fruits, and vegetables are grown, and
magnificent herds of cattle and improved breeds of horses, sheep, and hogs
are the principal productions of the farmers, while much attention is paid
to the dairy business, the proximity to the city of Baltimore by means of
the railroads and turnpikes insuring profitable returns to those engaged in
it. Tobacco has been grown to some extent, and small crops are still raised
in parts of the county, but the expense and uncertainty attending its
production have been so great as to render it unpopular with the majority of
farmers. Well-tilled farms and fine residences are confined to no particular
district, but are freely distributed through the county. There are numerous
mills and manufacturing establishments, and a large number of tanneries in
the county, the last induced, doubtless, by the heavy growth of oak timber,
which forms the body of the woods in that section of country. Large supplies
of granite, marble, limestone, and brick clay are to be had for building
purposes.
There are also large quarries of the best variety of soapstone near
Marriottsvi1le, adjacent to the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The stone is of
the purest quality, and at the factory is sawed into every imaginable shape,
and used for many varied purposes, its uses having multiplied greatly of
late years. Even the refuse stone and dust are valuable in various ways.
Some of the finest hematitic iron ore in the United States, and also some
excellent specimens of oxide of manganese, have been found in Carroll. The
climate is salubrious, and the lay of the land and purity of the water
favorable to health, so much so as to make many portions of the county
favorite places of resort for the citizens of Baltimore during the summer
months. The county is rapidly increasing in population, wealth, and
enterprise, and the public-spirited citizens who have managed its affairs
have adopted all judicious means for social and material advancement. The
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad on its southern border, the Western Maryland
Railroad which passes almost directly through the centre of the county, the
Frederick and Pennsylvania Line Railroad which runs across the northwestern
portion, and numerous fine turnpikes, as well as an admirable system of
public roads, constitute the means of transportation, and few sections of
the country possess greater conveniences in this regard. Through these
channels it is placed in direct communication with the city of Baltimore,
where a ready market is found for its productions, and the rapid
transportation furnished by the railroads has enabled its citizens to build
up a trade in the products of the dairy unsurpassed probably elsewhere in
Maryland. The prices of land vary of course with the quality of the soil
amid its proximity or remoteness to the highways of travel, but one hundred
and fifty dollars per acre is not unusual, and many who have purchased land
at that rate have had no cause to regret it. As far back as April, 1814,
Peter Benedune, who was a restless speculator, sold out all his land in the
vicinity of Union Bridge at from one hundred to one hundred and twenty
dollars per acre, and removed to the Valley of Virginia. The accessibility
of the lands in Carroll County, their healthfulness, and the social
advantages in many of the neighborhoods, render them desirable either as
residences or safe investments. The brown sandstone, so highly valued for
building purposes, is found in the western part of Carroll, and will compare
very favorably with the Connecticut sandstone, so generally in use in the
construction of the finer class of edifices in large cities. In Emmittsburg,
among the upper layers of brown sandstone are found strata of flagging. Some
of it separates into flags from two to four inches thick, with smooth
surfaces ready dressed for paving. The boundaries of Carroll County were
made for political convenience and not as divisions between distinct
varieties of soil or different geological formations. The “Red Lands,”
beginning in the northwestern part of the county and extending through the
Taneytown and Middleburg Districts into portions of the Union Town District,
are similar in geological formation to those found in Frederick County,
differing only in their agricultural value, the former being more
decomposed, thereby insuring a deeper soil. These lands are underlaid by
compact shales, among which red sandstone is frequently found sufficiently
durable for building purposes. The value of these lands is materially
influenced by the proximity of these shales or sandstones to the surface.
When they are immediately beneath it the soil is unproductive, being easily
affected by droughts, as there is not sufficient depth to retain the
necessary supply of water for the crops. When this is the case the remedy is
always at hand. The land should be subsoiled and heavily manured with lime.
Slate soils are a continuation of those found in Frederick County, and
differ materially from the red land described above. The slates from which
the soils overlying them are formed are mica slate, talc slate, chlorite
slate, and blue, or roofing slate, the composition of all of which is, in an
agricultural point of view, so nearly allied as to reader any separate
description of them unnecessary, and they are so intimately mixed that it
would require almost an innumerable number of analyses to determine the
special composition of each.
The lands drained by the waters of the Little Pipe Creek and its tributary
branches are composed mainly from the disintegrated particles of these rocks
or slates. They have by various influences become thoroughly decomposed,
have been well manured and well cultivated, and are equal in productive
value to the average of the best in the State. These lands are formed from
the same rocks, and have the same composition in every particular, as all
the lands in this section of the State are underlaid by the slates above
spoken of; and the question naturally arises, why should some of them be so
barren and some so productive? Why should the soils of the same formation on
Parr’s Ridge, running through the county to Manchester and the Pennsylvania
line, be generally unproductive? Their mechanical texture must be examined
for an explanation of their different degrees of fertility. Most of the soil
in this part of the county, as it has been formed, has been washed off, and
there has not been enough of it left to meet the wants of plants, by
retaining a sufficiency of moisture for their support, or a proper quantity
of nutrient materials to develop their growth and structure. To obviate
these difficulties the soil must be deepened, decomposed, and the mineral
set free which it has in a crude state.
There are also the light red sandy barns of this county, at the foot of
Parr’s Ridge, represented by the lands which extend over the whole county in
a line more or less directly parallel with Parr’s Ridge. They are famous for
producing a variety of tobacco known as the Bay Tobacco, which sells at a
very high price.
The red clay loam begins at the eastern border of the above-described lands,
and extends eastward to where they meet the granite or isinglass soil. The
next varieties met after going eastward from these are the white isinglass,
soils formed from the disintegration of granite rocks. These are easily
recognized, the bright shining spangles of mica, or isinglass, glistening
everywhere. They are exceedingly light and are occasionally very barren.
These comprise the chief soils of Carroll; they follow each other in regular
succession, from west to east, in the order in which they are named, and can
be readily recognized by their location as well as by their description.
The limestones of Carroll are fully equal to those found in any other
portion of Western Maryland. Many of them are used only in the neighborhood
where they are located, but there are many excellent limestone-quarries both
for agricultural and building purposes. The principal limestones in the
upper part of the county are as follows:
No. 2, a white limestone of fine crystalline texture, Uniontown, Maryland.
No. 2, a dark gray variety, slatish, with crystals of calc spar imbedded.
No. 3, a dark gray and homogeneous mass of fine crystalline texture, and
small white veins of calc spar traversing. They were found to be composed as
follows:
No. 1 No. 2. No. 3.
Carbonate of lime 99.5 68.3 98.8
Carbonate of magnesia 11.5 0.5
Sand slate, etc 0.5 20.2 0.7
100 100 100
and will, therefore, produce, when burnt, of
Caustic lime 56.0 38.3 55
Caustic magnesia 5.5 0.2
and when water-slacked, of
Water-slacked lime 73.7 50.6 73.10
Water-slacked magnesia 8.0 0.3
The second series are those of the western flank of Parr’s Ridge. They
usually have a fine grain resembling that of Carrara marble, and they vary
in color from white to grayish blue. They contain little silicious matter,
and in general but small proportions of magnesia or other impurities. They
have sometimes a slaty structure. Near the southern limits of the formation
the proportion of magnesia is somewhat larger.
Iron ores occur in immense quantities in connection with the limestones
before mentioned. They range from the Pennsylvania line (north of
Westminster) southwesterly for ten or twelve miles. Westminster lies on the
eastern edge of the range. There are the ruins of an iron-furnace about two
and a half miles southwest of Westminster, on the property of Mr. Vanbibber,
where these ores were smelted many years ago. The Western Maryland Railroad
reaches this range of ore at Westminster, and passes through it for several
miles. This affords every facility for transporting the ore or the iron that
may be made therefrom.
The magnetic oxide of iron is the richest of iron ores, and when pure (as is
sometimes the case in Sweden) contains seventy-two per cent. of metal. It is
usually, however, more or less mixed up with earthy matters, and sometimes
contains the oxides of titanium and manganese.
It has a metallic lustre and a dark gray or almost black color, the latter
being also the color of its powder. It strongly attracts the magnetic
needle, and when in small grains it is attracted by the magnet. Some of its
varieties are sufficiently magnetic to attract iron filings and needles,
hence the name of load stone, which was formerly applied to it. These
characters distinguish it from all other ores of iron.
It occurs in small quantities about seven miles west-north west from
Baltimore, near the Bare Hill’s Copper-Mine, and again near Scott’s mills,
about eighteen miles north-northwest of Baltimore. It is found in massive as
well as in octahedral crystals and grains. An iron-furnace at Sykesville is
in part supplied by ore which is mined in that vicinity.
When the northwestern edge of the mica slates is reached, there is found
what may be termed a metal-liferous range, extending from the northern part
of Cecil County through Harford, Baltimore, Carroll, Howard, and Montgomery
Counties.
In addition to the magnetic iron ores of this range already referred to,
there are ores of copper, chrome, and gold. Indications of copper may be
seen at various points, and several mines have been opened in this county,
one of which, at Springfield, near Sykesvil!e, continues to be profitably
worked. Near Finksburg a copper mine was successfully worked during several
years, and, if proper skill and sufficient capital are applied, it will
probably prove productive. The ore consists of yellow or pyritous copper and
still richer quartz, called purple copper ore,
Sulphuret of cobalt was discovered among the products of this mine, but this
rare and valuable material occurred in very small quantity, and has not been
found elsewhere in this State. Other mines have been opened in this range,
between Finksburg and Sykesville, and at one of them native gold was
discovered.
Northeastward from Finksburg there are indications of copper at many points,
especially near the forks of the Gunpowder River, about twenty-two miles
north of Baltimore. Some explorations and diggings have been made without
discovering the ore in quantity. It appears to be associated with the
magnetic oxide of iron of this formation.
There are also abundant traces of copper in the northwest part of the
county, in the red shales. They give so little promise of profitable mines,
however, that it is almost useless to expend money in digging for the ore.
Copper ore accompanies (in very small proportion) the magnetic oxide of
iron, which is associated with steatite in veins in mica slate rock. Some
years ago certain parties caused a shaft to be sunk on one of these veins
with the hope that copper might be obtained in available quantities beneath,
but they were thus appointed. The Springfield mine was a success, and a
similar result might happen at the Gunpowder veins, but the cost of sinking
deep shafts is too great for the chances of a favorable result. In following
this metalliferous range southwestward no indications of either chrome or
copper are encountered until the vicinity of Finksburg is reached. From this
point for about seven miles, to Springfield (one wile and a half north of
Sykesville, on the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad), there are numerous
indications of copper ores. A mine was opened near Finksburg about thirty
years ago, and for some time was worked with success. The ore was found in a
true vein, and consisted at first principally of carbonate of copper, which,
as usual, was succeeded by a sulphuret of copper ore, containing sixty per
cent. of metal when free from gangue, or about thirty per cent. after bring
prepared for sale. At depths of from fifty to one hundred feet the ore was
abundant, and it was usual for them to mine thirty tons a week.
Subsequently the vein became thinner, or pinched off, to use a ruining term,
but there is every reason to believe that with more knowledge of such
matters on the part of the owners the vein might have been reached at a
lower depth as rich as it was above. Veins of this kind are irregular in
thickness, but mining to depths of two to three thousand feet has never yet
reached the bottom of one of them. Another vein was slightly explored a
short distance from this opening, but the owners became discouraged and
suspended operations.
Another mine was opened at Mineral Hill, about seven miles southwest of
Finksburg, in the same range. It was penetrated to a considerable depth.
Cobalt ore has been found at Mineral Hill in a small quantity, and native
gold in the outcrop in inappreciable amount. The veins were opened and some
work done about two miles southwest of this point. In the Springfield mine
the main shaft has been carried down on the large vein to a distance of
seven hundred feet, with much better indications at the greatest depth
penetrated than near the surface, where there was little copper, but a
considerable thickness of magnetic oxide of iron. In fact, this mine was
originally worked for iron, but as it progressed in depth the proportion of
copper continued to increase, so that for several years it was worked as a
copper-mine, and turned out better than any other in the State.
The ore consisted of pyritous copper, which, when pure, contains usually
about thirty-three per cent. of the metal, but owing to the mixture of
vein-stone, or gangue, the proportion of metal was about thirteen per cent.
The ore sold for about fifty dollars per ton to the copper-smelting works of
Baltimore. Chrome ores occur at many points in a serpentine formation which
stretches from New Lisbon four miles west to Rockville, Montgomery Co., and
nearly to the Potomac River. The ore has been worked at several points, and
is found to vary considerably in quality.
The range of limestone, useful as marble, is on the western flank of Parr’s
Ridge, extending southwestward from a little northwest of Manchester,
passing near and west of Westminster, and extending into Frederick County.
They are usually stratified, and consist of very small crystalline grains,
and ore generally white or some light shade of blue. It is found, however,
towards the southern limits of this range more variegated, with shades of
red less pure, and the stratification more disturbed. The different layers
of this vary considerably, and even in the same quarry there are strata of
pure white and light blue, and sometimes variegated with light and dark
shades of red. They take a fine polish, and are free from the grains or
masses of quartz and other minerals which sometimes exist in the older
limestones. The quarries, with cheap transportation, will increase their
depths. The effect of this will be to bring to light the marble, less acted
upon by the weather, at less cost than when large quantities of stone have
to be quarried and thrown aside in order to get unaltered blocks of marble
of large size.
Carroll County is well supplied with railroad facilities. The Western
Maryland Railroad was chartered ill January, 1852, and work was commenced on
it in July, 1857. It was completed to Union Bridge in 1861, and to
Williamsport, on the Potomac River, in 1873. In its inception it was a
Carroll County enterprise, the inhabitants of that section subscribing for
nearly all of the original stock of the company. William Roberts, the
president, and William W. Dallas, John Smith, Samuel McKinstry, J. Henry
Hoppe, and John K. Longwell, directors, contracted with Messrs. Irwin,
Taylor & Norris to build the road to Union Bridge, the contractors to
receive the stock subscription, amounting to one hundred and sixty thousand
dollars, and six hundred thousand dollars in first mortgage bonds. It was
subsequently completed to its present terminus on the Potomac River by
Baltimore capitalists, who were very materially aided by Baltimore City. The
presidents of the company have been Robert Magraw, Nathan Haines, William
Roberts, Augustus Shriver, Robert Irwin, John Smith, John Lee Chapman,
Wendell Bollman, George M. Bokee, Robert T. Banks, James L. McLane,
Alexander Reiman, and the present very able and efficient executive, J.M.
Hood. The value of this road to Carroll County can scarcely be
overestimated. It passes directly through the centre of the county, entering
Woolery District on its eastern border, and passing up through the northern
corner, it skirts the southern extremity of Hampstead; thence through the
centre of Westminster District, and taking in the county-seat, it crosses
the New Windsor District, passing through the town of New Windsor; thence
across the Union Bridge District, embracing the town of that name, and then
along the southwestern portion of Middleburg District into Frederick County.
At Bruceville, in Middleburg District, it intersects the Frederick and
Pennsylvania Line Railroad, through which Frederick City, Taneytown, and
points in Pennsylvania are reached. The scenery along the line of the road
in Carroll County is exquisitely beautiful, and affords to the tourist in
the summer months abundant opportunities for the study of nature in her
loveliest and most varied forms. The land through which it passes is
fertile, productive, highly cultivated, and teeming with the fruits of the
earth. The road is intersected at many points by rapid, sparkling, and
limpid streams, which promise in the near future to furnish power for
innumerable mills and factories. Already the spirit of progress has
manifested itself. Many mills have been erected along the course of the
road, and the tanneries and ore-mines show that the confidence of the
projectors of the enterprise was not misplaced. Property of every
description in the vicinity of the railroad has greatly appreciated in
value, and an unmistakable impetus has been given to all industries which
the county is capable of sustaining. The stations in Carroll County are
Carrollton, Gorsuch Road, Westminster, Avondale, Wayside, New Windsor,
Linwood, Union Bridge, Middleburg, Frederick Junction, York Road
(Bruceville), and Double Pipe Creek.
The Bachman’s Valley Railroad begins at the Chestnut Hill iron ore mines,
about the centre of the Manchester District, and runs almost due north
across the line into Pennsylvania until it intersects the Hanover Branch
Railroad. Immense quantities of iron ore are transported over this road to
furnaces in Pennsylvania. The officers for 1881 were: President, Capt. A.W.
Eichelberger; Directors, Stephen Keifer, H.C. Shriver, Joseph Dellone,
Joseph Althoff, C.L. Johnson, J.W. Gitt, Levi Dubbs, Perry Wine, Edwin
Thomas, Samuel Thomas, E.W. Henidele, and Adam Newcomer. The Hanover
Railroad was built from Reisterstown, on the Western Maryland Railroad, to
Hanover in 1879. It passes through Hampstead and Manchester Districts. Its
officers are:
President, Capt. A.W. Eichelberger; Directors, Stephen Keifer, Mr.
Meltheimer, W.H. Hoffman, William Slagle, Calvin C. Wooden, and J.W. Gitt.
The Frederick and Pennsylvania Line Railroad runs from Frederick City, Md.,
through Middleburg and Taneytown Districts, in Carroll County, taking in the
extreme western corner of Myers District, to Hanover, in Pennsylvania. It
intersects the Western Maryland Railroad at Bruceville, in Middleburg
District, and furnishes several outlets for the produce of the remarkably
fertile grain-growing and grazing country through which it passes.
Prior to the building of railroads turnpikes were the readiest means of
commercial intercourse between the great centres of trade and the outlying
districts. So important were they considered that the policy of a great
party in this country was to some extent based upon the advisability of
their construction by the national government, and many severe contests were
waged over this question in Congress.
At an early period in the history of the section now known as Carroll County
the increase in population and trade made it necessary to secure greater
facilities for transportation, and in 1805 the Baltimore and Reisterstown
Turnpike Company was chartered. The capital needed for its construction, six
hundred thousand dollars, was subscribed for by the merchants and
capitalists of Baltimore, and in 1807 the road was constructed through this
county. It entered Woolery District near Finksburg, and passing through
Westminster, connected with the Hanover Branch. It is sixty miles in length,
including the latter. The goods and produce carried over this road in early
days was immense. The large Conestoga wagons, so familiar to denizens of the
West as “schooners of the desert,” passed each other, hundreds in a day, on
their way to and from Pittsburgh and Baltimore, and the jingling of bells,
the cracking of whips, the horses gayly caparisoned, and the drivers in
picturesque costumes constituted an animating and enlivening spectacle, the
recollection of which occasionally excites regret in the bosoms of the
old-timers, and arouses a fleeting wish for the populous roads and the good
old country inns which have been so effectually superseded by the trailing
smoke and lightning dash of the steam-engine.
The Westminster and Hagerstown turnpike was begun about 1824, but before
much progress had been made railroads had become a question of absorbing
interest to enlightened people all over the world, and doubtless occasioned
a lukewarmness with reference to pikes which materially interfered with the
completion of the enterprise. At many points on the line sections of road
were made, but the only portion finished was between Westminster and
Uniontown.
The Liberty turnpike passes through the southern portion of the county, and
there are short turnpikes at Union Bridge, New Windsor, and Finksburg. In
1851, about the time that the mania for plank-roads was at its height in the
United States, it was determined to build one from Westminster to
Emmittsburg, but, fortunately perhaps, it was never completed.
The following is a correct list of the judges, county clerks, sheriffs,
State’s attorneys, registers, and subordinate officers of Carroll County
since its creation in 1837 to this present writing:
Judges of the Circuit Court.
1837—52, Thomas B. Dorsey, Thomas H. Wilkinson, Nicholas Brewer; 1851—64,
Madison Nelson; 1864—67, John E. Smith; 1867—81, Oliver Miller, Edward
Hammond, Wm. N. Hayden.
County Clerks.
1837—41, Dr. William Willis; 1841—49, Dr. Jacob Shower; 1849—57, John B.
Boyle: 1857—62, George E. Wampler; 1862—67, William A. McKellip; 1867—73,
John B. Boyle; 1873—81, Dr. Frank T. Shaw.
Sheriffs.
1837—39, Nicholas Kelly; 1839—42, Jacob Grove; 1842—45, J. Henry Hoppe;
1845—48, Lewis Trumbo; 1848—51, Hanson T. Webb; 1851—53, William S. Brown;
1853—55, John
M. Yingling; 1855—57, Joseph Shaeffer; 1857—59, William Wilson; 1859—61,
William Segafoose; 1861—63, Jeremiah Babylon; 1863—65, Joseph Ebaugh;
1865—67, Jacob D.
Hoppe; 1867—69, Thomas B. Gist; 1869—71, John Tracey; 1871—73, George N.
Fringer; 1873—75, Edward Devilbiss; 1875—77, James W. White; 1877—79, Peter
Wood; 1879— 81, George N. Fringer.
Court Criers.
1837—57, James Kieffer; 1857—68, Benjamin Vingling; 1868— 81, William S.
Brown.
State’s Attorneys.
1837—46, William P. Maulsby ; 1846, James Raymond; 1847— 49, William N.
Hayden; 1849—51, Charles W. Webster; 1851, A.N. Hobbs; 1852—56, Daniel L.
Hoover; 1856—67, Charles W. Webster; 1867—71, Charles T. Reifsnider;
1871—75, Richard B. Norment; 1875—81, David N. Henning.
Registers of Wills.
1837—53, John Baumgartner; 1853—65, Joseph M. Parke; 1865—67, Henry H.
Herbaugh; 1867—73, Joseph M. Parke; 1873—79, Henry E. Beltz; 1879—81, J.
Oliver Wadlow.
Judges of the Orphans’ Court.
1837—39, Abraham Wampler, William Jameson, Robert Hudson; 1839—42, Nimrod
Frizell, Michael Sullivan, Michael Barnitz; 1842—45, Michael Sullivan, Jesse
Manning, John B. Boyle: 1815-1818, Jacob Matthias, William Shepherd,
Mordecai G. Cockey; 1848—5l, Basil Hayden, William Fisher, George W. Manro;
1851—55, George W. Manro, Levi Buffington, Michael Sullivan; 1855—59,
Michael Sullivan, Horatio Price, Thomas S. Brown; 1859—63, Horatio Price,
John Thomson, Joshua C. Gist; 1863—67, John Thomson, Joseph Schaeffer,
Thomas S. Brown, Michael Baughman (part of 1863); 1867—70, Jacob Powder;
1867— 71, Levi Buffington, Hanson T. Webb; 1870—71, Ira B. Crouse; 1871—79,
Adam Shower, Isaac C. Baile; 1871—72, Upton Roop; 1872—79, L.P. Slingluff,
Granville T. Hering (chief justice), William Frizell, Milchour F. Allgire.
Auditors to the Circuit Court as a Court of Equity.
September term, 1837, James M. Shellmnan; April term, 1851, Abner Neal;
April term, 1862, Charles T. Reifsnider; Jan. 1, 1567, Augustus D. Shaeffer;
Nov. 29, 1867, John J. Baumgartner.
County Surveyors.
Charles W. Hood, Jacob Kerlinger, James Kelly, J. Henry Hoppe, J. William
Everhart, Francis Warner, J. Henry Hoppe (deceased in 1881).
County School Commissioners.
Aug. 7, 1865, to April 27, 1868, Jacob H. Christ, Washington Senseney,
Zachariah Ebaugh, Andrew K. Shriver, Joshua Yingling, Andrew J. Wilhelm,
James V. Cresswell, Peter Engel; Secretary, William A. Wampler. April 27,
1868, to Jan. 3, 1870 (appointed by county commissioners), Sterling Galt,
Reuben Saylor, Isaac Winchester, L.A.J. Lamotte, Dr. J.W. Steele, George A.
Shower, John K. Longwell, Lewis Green, W.P. Anderson, Jacob Sharrets, Peter
Shriner; Joseph Davis, counsel; Joseph M. Newson, secretary, treasurer, and
examiner. Jan. 3, 1870, to Jan. 3, 1872 (elected by the people), Daniel H.
Rudolph, Robert C. McKinney, Charles H. Gilbert, Jacob H. Cranmer, W.N.
Matthews, Dr. J.W. Steele, David T. Schaeffer, Isaac Winchester, Joseph B.
Dehoff, W.P. Anderson, Solomon Shepherd, Job Hibberd; Counsel, R.B. Norment;
Secretary, Treasurer and Examiner, J.M. Newson. Jan. 3, 1872, to 1881
(appointed by the court), Dr. William Reindollar vice R.C. McKinney, Alfred
Zollickoffer, Francis H. Hering, David Prugh, William Reese; Counsel, John
E. Smith Secretary, Treasurer, and Examiner, Joseph M. Newson.
County Commissioners.
1837—39, William Shepherd, Sterling Galt, John Erb, Joshua C. Gist, Joseph
Steele, Jacob Reese, John Lamotte, Nimrod Gardner, Henry N. Brinkman; 1839
to 1843, William Shaw, John Roop, of Joseph, Daniel Stull, Peter Hull, Eli
Hewitt, Frederick Ritter, Jacob Shaeffer, William Houck, Joshua Barber;
1843—45, William Shaw, John Adelsperger, John Roop, Lewis Shue, Peter Hull,
George Bramwell, Eli Hewitt, James Morgan, Frederick Ritter, Jacob Shaffer,
William Houck, Larkin Buckinghan; 1845—48, Henry Carter, Samuel Evans, Peter
Geiger, Richard Richards, David B. Earhart, David Cassell, Frederick
Bauchman, Elias Grimes, G.W. Gorsuch; 1848—51, James Crouse, Cornelius
Faust, David Feever, Daniel Bush, John H. Lindsey, George Crouse, Joseph
Orendorff, George Richards, Jr., Bennett Spurrier; 1851—54, James Crouse,
Thomas Smith, George L. Little, Jacob Wickert, Julius B. Berrett, George
Crouse, Jacob Grove, George Richards, Jr., Bennett Spurrier; 1854—56 (now
elected by the people), John Cover, Jonathan Dorsey, Michael Baughmnan;
1856—58, Benjamin Shunk, Jacob H. Christ, John Malehorn; 1858—60, Andrew K.
Shriver, Jacob Morelock, G.W. Gorsuch; 1860—62, A.K. Shriver, H.W. Dell,
Zachariah Ebaugh; 1862—64, Benjamin Shunk, Thomas F. Shepherd, John H. Chew;
1864—66, same board; 1866—68, Thomas Paymiter, John H. Chew, Thomas F.
Shepherd; 1868—70, Josiah Adelsperger, Upton Roop, Jabez A. Bush; 1870—72,
Jacob Sharretts, Josiah Adelsperger, Upton Roop; 1872—74, Josephus H. Hoppe,
G.K. Frank, Joseph Spurrier; 1874—76, M.C. McKinstny, John W. Murray, John
O. Devries; 1876—78, same board; 1878—80, Jonas S. Harnen, John J. Abbott,
David Fowble; 1880—82, J.K. Longwell, W.C. Polk, Francis Warner.
Clerks to Commissioners.
1837—39, Otho Shipley; 1839—45, Basil Root vice Andrew Grammer, resigned;
1845—48, Otho Shipley; 1848—56, Jacob Myenly; 1856—64, James Blizzard;
1864—68, Levi Valentine; 1868—72, James Blizzard; 1872—78, James A. Bush;
1878—80, L.C. Trumbo; 1880—82, Joseph A. Waesche.
Collectors of Taxes.
1837—39, Thomas Hook; 1839—45, Tobias Cover; 1845—48, Josiah Baumgartner;
1848—51, Richard Manning; 1851—54, Tobias Cover; 1856—58, S.R. Gore;
1858-60, John T. Diffenbaugh; 1860—62, James Campbell; ** 1874—78, Jabez
Bush; 1878—80, L.C. Trumbo; 1880—82, Joseph A. Waesche.
Attorneys to Commissioners.
1837—39, James Raymond; 1843—45, William P. Maulsby; 1845—48, C. Birnie,
Jr.; 1848—51, Joseph M. Parke; 1851-56, E.F. Crout; 1856—60, C.W. Webster;
186S—76, Charles B. Roberts; 1876—81, Richard B. Norment.
Members of Congress.
Peter Little, Elias Brown, Dr. Jacob Shower, Charles B. Roberts.
Members of Constitutional Conventions.
1851, Elias Brown, Dr. Jacob Shower, Joseph M. Parke, A.G. Ege, Mordecai G.
Cockey; 1864, Dr. John Swope, John E. Smith, Jonas Ecker, William S. Wooden;
1867, William N. Hayden, George W. Manro, Thomas F. Cover, Sterling Galt,
Benjamin W. Bennett, John K. Longwell.
State Senators.
1838—44, William P. Maulsby; 1844—50, William Roberts; 1850-55, John K.
Longwell; 1855—57, Dr. Francis T. Davis; 1857—62, John E. Smith; 1862—64,
Jacob Campbell; 1864-67, Dr. James L. Billingslea; 1867—70, Dr. Nathan
Brown; 1870—74, John K. Longwell; 1874—78, James Penner Lee; 1878—82, Henry
Vanderford.
Members of the House ofDelegates.
1837—38, Dr. Jacob Shower, James G. Bennett, John B. Boyle, Jacob Powder;
1839, Joseph M. Parker, George Bramwell, George Crabbs, Thomas Hook; 1840,
John B. Boyle, Dr. Jacob Shower, Samuel D. Lecompte, Daniel Stull; 1841,
John B. Boyle, Jacob Powder, Dr. Francis T. Davis, Daniel Stull; 1842, Elias
Brown, Samuel D. Lecompte, Jacob Powder, William Shaw; 1843, Samuel Ecker,
Jacob Powder, William Shaw, Daniel Stull; 1844, James Raymond, John Thomson,
Micajah Rogers, Joseph Ebaugh; 1845, Thomas Hook, James M. Shellmnan,
Abraham Wampler; 1846, A.G. Ege, James M. Shellman, Upton Scott, Charles
Devilbiss; 1847, John B. Boyle, Nicholas Kelly, Tobias Cover, Jacob Powder;
1849, Elias Brown, Samuel A. Lauver, George Motter, Lewis Trumbo; 1851,
Elijah F. Crout, Dr. J.E.H. Ligget, Daniel Stull; 1854, Thomas Smith, Robert
T. Dade, Josiah Baugher; 1856, Stephen T.C. Brown, David Buffington, John E.
Smith; 1S58, Samuel McKinstry, Milton Day, Samuel Reindollar; 1860, Dr. B.
Mills, John W. Gorsuch, David Roop; 1861, Somerset I. Waters, George
Everhart, Warren L. Little (December session); 1862, Jonas Ecker, John N.
Starr, Somerset R. Waters; 1864, Moses Shaw, George Everhart, John W. Angel,
William S. Wooden, N.D. Norris; 1865, William A. Wampler, Benjamin Poole,
James V. Criswell, E.F. Benton, S.R. Gore; 1868, Henry S. Davis, John H.
Jordon, John W. Hardin, Benjamin Worthington; 1870, William H. Crouse,
Airhart Winters, George A. Shower, John H. Jordon; 1872, James H. Steele,
Lewis A.J. Lamotte, Trusten Polk, H.H. Lamotte; 1874, Henry Vanderford,
Henry Galt, Dr. S.R. Waters, Thomas C. Brown; 1876, Frank Brown, H.H.
Lamotte, Dr. Jacob Rinehart, Dr. S.R. Waters; 1878, Frank T. Newbelle, T.
Herbert Shriver, Robert Sellman, Sr., Frank Brown; 1880, William T. Smith,
T. Herbert Shriver, Robert Sellman, Sr., Benjamin F. Crouse; 1882, Henry
Galt, Edward W. Leeds, David A.C. Webster, Joseph W. Berret.
Miscellaneous Officials in 1881.
Assistant School Examiner, Orlando Reese; Deputy County Clerks, George A.
Miller, N. Bruce Boyle, James A. Diffenbaugh; Deputy Register of Wills,
George M. Parke.
Justices of the Peace in Carroll County since its Organization as a County—
When Appointed or Elected.
1839, John Manning, Basil Root, James Keefer, John C. Kethy, Adam Fieser,
Michael Smith, Josiah Shilling, Henry Drach, Jonathan Dorsey, Jacob Wickert,
Thomas B. Owings, Wilton Burdett, John Jones, of John, Michael Lynch, John
Kerlinger, John F. Reese, Charles Donning, Jacob Farver, Thomas Ingels,
George W. Manro; 1840, J. Henry Hoppe; 1841, Jabez Gore, Jesse Brain, John
Lockard 1842, Benjamin Williams, Samuel Moffett, Jabez Gore, Thomas J.
Carter, J. Henry Hoppe, John Potherer, Jacob Grove, Abraham Lamnott, Josiah
Shilling, George Williams; 1843, Thomas Grisley, John Malehorn, Jacob
Kerlinger, John Rinehart, Samuel Lamott, James Heind, David Hoop, Basil
Hayden 1844, Jacob Myerly, Julius B. Berret, Elijah Woolery, Michael Smith;
1845, Otho Shipley, James Smith, Benjamin Shunk, John Lochitz, Washington
Van Bibber, Isaac Dern, Jeremiah Bartholow, Daniel Stonesifer, William
Ecker, James Kelly, David C. Frankforter, George D. Klinefelter, Abraham
Bixler, Henry H. Herbaugh, Stephen Oursler, Nimrod Stevenson, Charles
Devilbiss, Abraham England, James McKellip, John K. Longwell, Henry V.
Buchen, Richard A. Kirkwood, Jacob Stone, Archibald Dorsey, Frank Yingling,
Joshua H. Shipley, Zachariah Ebaugh, James Douty, John Hood. Jr., Solomon
Stocksdale, Geo. E. Wampler, Richard Owings, Charles Stevenson, William
Shaw, Washington Barnes, Samuel Swarmstedt, Warren L. Little, Alexander
Gilliss, Nicholas Dorsoy, Thomas Hook, Horatio F. Bardwell, David B.
Earhart, Moses Myers, Joshua Smith, G. Ogg, Henry Stamf; 1846, John
Leatherwood, James Rodgers, Jonathan Morris, David Kephart, Wm. Jordan, John
Delaplane, Peter B. Myers, Thomas W. Durbin, Daniel Banker, Joshua
Stansbury, Jacob Zumubrun, Franklin J. Smith; 1847, Geo. W. Wilson, Stephen
Gorsuch; 1848, Jabez Gore, Jacob Grove, Jacob Myerly, Joseph Gernand, George
Everhart, James Baker, J. Henry Hoppe, Geo. W. Manro, Jonathan Dorsey, Eli
Hewitt, George Foster, William Fisher, Thomas Hook, George Miller, Daniel L.
Hoover, Samuel A. Lauver, Daniel J . Geiman, D.F. Lamott, Thos. S. Brown,
John Mauss, Geo. L. Little, Michael Sullivan, David Bussard, Samuel
Messinger, Michael Smith, Kelpher Crawmner, Julius B. Bennett, Francis J.
Crawford, D.W. Houck, John C. Price, Charles Denning, Jacob Kerlinger,
Joseph Spurrier, George Bramwell, William Lockard, George P. Albaugh, Joseph
Creager, John Rinehard, Thos. B. Buckingham, George Williams, Jesse Manning,
David Bussard, James Rodgers, William Tagg, Samuel Messinger, Geo. W.
Daniel, Peter B. Mikesell, David Hope, Richard Harris, Larkin Buckingham;
1849, Michael Sullivan, Joseph Stonesifer; 1850, David Wolf, Geo. L. Little,
Jacob Wickert, Michael Smith, D.F. Lamott, John Rinehart, Charles Dunning,
David Bussard, Elijah Woolery, D.W. Houck, George Foster; 1851, John W.
McAllister; 1852, Jacob Myers, Jesse Manning, J. Henry Hoppe, David Wolf,
Wm. Jordan, David Feeser, James Rodgers, John Mauss, Eli Hewitt, George
Miller, William Tagg James Baker, Jacob Kerlinger, Larkin Buckingham, George
Foster, Basil Hayden, William Fisher, George Everhart, Thos. B. Owings,
George Ogg, Joseph Spurrier, John W. McAlister, George Bramwell, D.F.
Lamott, Thos. S. Brown, Kelpher Crawmer, Joshua Lamott, Peter B. Mikesell,
Henry W. Deel, Henry H. Herbaugh, E.L. Crawford, David Hape, Richard Harris,
John C. Price; 1853, Jesse Hollingsworth, D.W. Houck, Richard Deel, Mordecai
G. Cockey, Benj. Shunk, J. Henry Hoppe, David B. Earhart, Wm. Gensfribe,
Jesse Manning, Wm. A. Wampler, Charles Denning, James McKellip, Wm. Haugh,
Wm. R. Currey, Wm. Walter, Jacob Kerlinger, Richard Harris, John C. Price,
F.O. Franklin, H.H. Herbaugh, John Koontz, Isaac Dern, David Otto, Joshua
Switzer, John Hood, Thomas B. Owings, Alex. Gilliss, Abraham Lamott; 1854,
Bennett Spurrier; 1855, Wm. Walter, Henry Fleagle, George Miller, Jacob
Kerlinger, Henry Mutter, John Fowble, of Jacob, Edwin A. Atlce, W.A.
Wampler, Jacob Shurve, Abraham Albaugh, H.H. Herbaugh, Reuben Conaway,
Mordecai G. Cockey, Aquila Pickett, J. Henry Hoppe, A.H. Jenkins, Geo.
Richards, John T. Lowe, Joseph Mathias, David Otto, Nathan Gorsuch, Nicholas
D. Norris, M.B.L. Bassard, John Delaplane, Wm. Crouse, Elijah Woolery,
Daniel Stonesifer, Geo. L. Little; 1850, Daniel L. Hoover, Julia C. Price;
1857, J. Henry Hoppe, F.O. Franklin, Wm. Crouse, David B. Flegal, M.G.
Cockey, Hanson M. Drach, Joseph Matthias, Reuben Conawny, Aquila Pickett,
Benjamin W. Bennett, N.D. Norris, W.G. Shipley, Peter B. Mikesell, Daniel
Stonesifer, Henry Glaze, Jesse B. Christ, F.A. Switzer, Elijah Woolery,
Benj. Shank, Geo. Miller, Frederick H. Crabbs, John C. Price, Wm. Haugh,
Geo. Richards, Jr., Wm. Walter, Abraham Albaugh, John Delaplane, Nathan
Gorsuch, D. Otto, H.H. Herbaugh, H. Geatty; 1859, E.A. Atlee, Joseph
Mathias, A.S. Yentz, W.A. Wampler, James Lockard, J. Henry Hoppe, Wm.
Walter, H.M. Drach, D.B. Flegal, John T. Young, Henry Motten, John Mauss,
P.B. Mikesell, Jacob Zumbrun, Jacob Shriver, Benjamin Shunk, John Deluplane,
Samuel A. Lauver, Aquila Pickett, W.G. Shipley, John C. Price, William
Crouse, Joshua Switzer, F.A. Switzer, M.G. Cockey, H.H. Herbaugh, Jesse
Braun, Israel Norris, Evan Thompson; 1861, J. Washington Cochran, Joseph
Mathias, W.A. Wampler, John Hesson, Emanuel Gernand, John Mauss, Jacob D.
Hopple, John Delaplane, William Lockard, H.H. Herbaugh, John G. Ways, M.G.
Cockey, William Lensfield, J. William Everhart, Nathan Gorsuch, E.A. Atlee,
George P. Albaugh, George Miller, John Fultz, Jacob Zumbrun, Joshua Switzer,
John T. Young, William Haugh, Henry Motter, A. Pickett, Eli Hewitt, John C.
Price, Jetson L. Gill, D.B. Flegal, Thomas Tipton, Solomon S. Ecker, William
Fisher; 1863, William Tensfield, W.J. Mitten, Joseph Mathias, William E.
Shriner, Richard Harris, George Miller, William Haugh, Amon Brice, Aquila
Pickett, John Hesson, Joseph Brummel, Joseph H. Gilliss, J.C. Price, Henry
Frack, H.H. Herbaugh, J.W. Cochran, Nathan Gorsuch, S.B. Stocksdale, Thomas
Tipton, Levi B. Frock, Eli Hewitt, George E. Buckingham, John Delaplane,
William Fisher, Henry Motter, Francis Warner, Joshua Switzer, Solomon S.
Ecker, John Mauss; 1864, William Lockard, George E. Buckingham; 1865, John
S. Wampler, William Lockard, Benjamin Shunk, James Kelly, William Haugh,
George Miller, John T. Ways, J. Williams, D.E. Earhart, David Otto, J.
William Everhart, Thomas Tipton, Henry Glaze, Aquila Pickett, George E.
Wampler, Joshua Switzer, Joshua Oain, J.L. Gill, Peter A. Shipley, John
Hesson, Solomon S. Ecker, John Fultz, John W. Cochran, Nicholas S.F. Harden,
Eli Hewitt, Michael Babylon; 1866, George E. Wampler, J.L. Gill, Thomas
Demoss, Michael Babylon, Joshua Cain, Peter Ritter; 1867, John W. McAlister,
John Lamnott., Cornelius Jenkins, William Fisher, Henry Galt, W.H.
Stocksdale, Levi Yingling, Joshua Cain, Francis Warner, John Mans, Nathan
Gorsuch, Azariah Oursler, A. Neal, Stephen Gorsuch, W.J. Mitten, J. Henry
Hoppe, Eli Hewitt, John W. Jones, D.H. Hoffacker, J.B. Summers, William T.
Smith, J. Oliver Wadlow, Henry Bussard, Henry Motter, David Otto, Michael
Babylon; 1868, Peter B Mikesell, William Fisher, W.L. Tracy, Henry Galt,
Simon Bange, Charles Denning, Joshua Switzer, Joshua Cain, W.H. Stocksdale,
W.T. Smith, Levi Yingling, C.W. Hood, Henry Bussard, J.W. McAlister, Charles
Sykes, David Otto, John Lamott, J. Henry Hoppe, J.B. Summers, W.J. Mitten,
John Maus, J. Oliver Wadlow, C. Jenkins, Henry Motter, J.W. Jones, A. Neal,
Nathan Gorsuch, Thomas B. Buckingham, G.W. Gilbert; 1870, W.L. Tracy, G.A.
Flicking, G.W. Gilbert, C.W. Hood, A. Oursler, N. Gorsuch, Henry Bussard,
William Fisher, T.C. Jenkins, W.G. Byers, J. Henry Hoppe, J. Oliver Wadlow,
Stephen Gorsuch, William T. Smith, W.H. Stocksdale, Henry Motter, John W.
Jones, Henry Galt, Thomas B. Buckingham, George L. Stocksdale, J.B. Dehoff,
John W. McAlister, A.J. Houck, P.B. Mikesell, Charles Denning, E. Legore,
W.J. Mitten, A. Neal, Joshua Switzer, Andrew Grammer; 1872, Ezra Legore,
Stephen Gorsuch, Henry Galt, William Fisher, J. William Everhart, C.
Jenkins, William J. Mitten, Abner Neal, Joshua Switzer, J. Oliver Wadlow,
William T. Smith, William L. Tracy, Azariah Oursler, George A. Flickinger,
Henry Motter, A.J. Houck, Henry Bussard, Charles W. Hood, James Morgan,
William Stocksdale, Nathan Gorsuch, Peter B. Mikesell, Thomas B. Buckingham,
George L. Stocksdale, George W. Gilbert, Samuel Shunck; 1873, John W.
Abbott; 1874, Charles W. Hood, James Morgan, S.B. Stocksdale, Henry Galt,
Joel Brown, J. Henry Hoppe, J.F. Malehorn, J. Oliver Wadlow, Charles
Denning, Lewis Dielman, William T. Smith, Henry Motter, Joshua Switzer, Ezra
Legore, William J. Mitten, William L. Tracy, G.A. Flickinger, A. Oursler,
Jacob P. Baltover, J.W. Abbott, Vincent Brown, G.W. Gilbert, C.W. Hood, J.B.
Summers, Thomas B. Buckingham, Abner Neal, Stephen Gorsuch, Peter B.
Mikesell, William H. Crouse, Samuel Shunk, Henry A. McAtee; 1875, Francis
Warner; 1876, J.P. Baltozer, Francis Warner, Louis Dielman, G.A. Flickinger,
Joab Brown, John B. Summers, W.T. Smith, Joshua Switzer, W.H. Fogle, G.W.
Matthews, Jesse A. Legore, Samuel Messinger, J.K. Kearney, Thomas Tipton,
W.J. Mitten, J. Henry Hoppe, G.W. Crapster, J.E. Ward, A. Oursler, James
Morgan, J.W. Abbott, J. Oliver Wadlow, Charles Denning, Henry Galt, Stephen
Gorsuch, Henry Motter, William Fisher, Dr. H.M. Drach, J.E. Christ, John
Elgen, Howard McGill, Isaiah Hann, C.W. Hood, G.F. Yingling, Thomas Jones,
Charles R. Favour; 1877, Richard Dell; 1878, Jacob P. Baltozer, Samuel S.
Spalding, Dr. H.M. Drach, Peter B. Mikesell, Azariah Oursler, J. Henry
Hoppe, J.U. Legore, J.H. Knipple, G.A. Flickinger, Henry Galt, Louis
Dielman, W.J. Mitten, Joab Brown, John W. Abbott, P. Bennett, William
Fisher, Gustuvus W. Crapster, H. McGill, Thomas Jones, Thomas B.
Buckinghamn, J.B. Summer’s, Francis Warner, John Elgen, James Morgan, J.K.
Kearney, J. Bowman, Isaiah Hann, Daniel E. Christ, William T. Smith, J.
Oliver Wadlow, W.H. Stocksdale, Richard Dell, Henry Motter, Thomas Tipton,
Nathan Gorsuch, John P. Fowler, Charles R. Favour, D. Calvin Warner, J.
Frank Shipley; 1880, Joab Brown, Henry Galt, Azariah Oursler, J.P. Baltozer,
William Fisher, James C. Davis, S.S. Spalding, Richard Dell, Thomas Tipton,
John W. Abbott, Dr. Hanson, M. Drach, Louis Dielman, Thomas Jones, William
J. Mitten, S.H. Hoffacker, G.W. Crapster, John Burgoon, E.E. Lovell, John
Elgen, Ira. E. Crouse, John P. Fowler, Thomas B. Buckinghanm, Peter B.
Mikesell, Henry Motter, John Bowman, D. Calvin Warner, W.H. Stocksdale, J.
Henry Knipple, Charles B. Favour, Nathan Gorsuch, J.F. Shipley, J.K.
Kearney, Julia B. Summer’s, David H. Reindollar, Jesse F. Billmyer, Henry
Crook; 1881, Joseph Arnold, Andrew J. Dougherty.
Registers of Voters.
1866—67.—lst District, W.A. Hiteshue, Washington Galt; 2d, J.H. Jordan; 3d,
Peter E. Myers, Abraham Long; 4th, Thomas Gorsuch; 5th, Jesse
Hollingsworth;6th, Jacob Linaweaver; 7th, Benjamin Williams, George W.
Shriver; 8th, Richard Harris; 9th, Abraham Albaugh; 10th, David Otts; 11th,
Jesse Lambert.
1868.—R.B. Warden, W.H. Lamott, John M. Yingling, Abraham Albaugh, George
Shower, S.G. Harden, W.A . Hiteshue, Peter E. Myers, Jeremiah Malshorn,
Jesse Lambert, William Valentine, G.W. Crapster.
1869.—Uriah B. Mikesell.
1870.—Jesse Lambert, G.W. Crapster, W.H. Lamott, Abraham Albaugh, George
Shower, William H. Hull, Uriah B. Mikesell, John R. Haines, William
Valentine, Samuel G. Harden, Jeremiah Malshorn.
1871.—8th District, Jacob Coltrider.
1872.—lst District, G.W. Crapster: 2d, John R. Haines; 3d, Eli Erb; 4th,
William H. Lamott; 5th, S.D. Warfield; 6th, George Shower; 7th, Uriah B.
Mikesell; 8th, Jacob Coltrider: 9th, Abraham Albaugh; 10th, William
Valentine; 11th, Jesse Lambert; 12th, John Hartsock.
1873.—7th District, Lee McElroy.
1874.—lst District, William Fisher; 2d, John B. Haines; 3d, Jonas Frock;4th,
Daniel Ebaugh 5th, Surratt D. Warfield; 6th, George Shower; 7th, Lee
McElroy; 8th, Jacob Coltrider; 9th, Abraham Albaugh; l0th, Levi Buffington;
11th, Jesse Lambert; 12th, John Hartsock.
1876.—lst District, William L. Rudisel; 2d, John R. Haines; 3d, Jonas Frock:
4th, Daniel Ebaugh; 5th, Samuel S. Spalding; 6th, George Shower; 7th, Lee
McElroy; 8th, Francis L. Hann; 9th, Abraham Albaugh; 10th, John Shunk; 11th,
Jesse Lambert; 12th, John Hartsock.
1877.—4th District, Noah Stocksdale.
1878.—lst District, W.L. Rudisel; 2d, John R. Haines; 3d, Jonas Frock; 4th,
Noah Stocksdale; 5th, Dr. Joseph W. Steele; 6th, George Shower; 7th, Lee
McElroy, G.W. Matthews; 8th, Francis L. Hann; 9th, Abraham Albaugh; 10th,
John Shunk; 11th, Jesse Lambert; 12th, John Hartsock.
1880.—lst District, Charles A. Waesche; 2d, John R. Haines; 3d, William G.
Byers; 4th, John Frick; 5th, Dr. J.W. Steele; 6th, George Shower; 7th,
George W. Matthews; 8th, James W. Hann; 9th, Lewis C. Franklin; 10th, John
Shunk; 11th, Jesse Lambert; 12th, John Hartsock.
Tax Collector.
1866.—1st District, Samuel T. Clingan; 2d,T.H. Routson; 3d, Benjamin Hesson;
4th, Stephen Oursler; 5th, William D. Frizzell; 7th, Henry Shreev; 8th,
David Grogg; 9th, John hood; 10th, John Root; 11th, Mordecai Engler.
1867.—1st District, S.T. Clingan; 2d, T.H. Routson; 3d, Benjamin Hesson;
4th, Stephen Oursler; 5th, W.T. Frizzell; 6th, Jesse Schultz; 7th, Henry
Shreev; 8th, David Grogg; 10th, Jacob Shriner; 11th, Mordecai Engler.
1868.—7th District, Jacob Holmes; 8th, Benjamin Jackson; 9th, Joseph
Spurrier; Edward Spalding, Henry T. Eck, Nathan Hanna, G.K. Frank, Samuel A.
Lauver, James Gilbert, James White, Freeborn Gardner, Edward Spalding.
1869.—Henry T. Eck, James Gilbert, Freeborn Gardner, Nathan Hanna, Samuel A.
Lauver, Benjamin Jackson, James W. White, George K. Frank, Jacob Holmes,
Edward Spalding, Joseph Spurrier.
1870.— 1st District, A.F. Arndorff; 2d, James Gilbert; 3d, W.T. Feeser; 4th,
Samuel A. Lauver; 5th, Freeborn Gardner; 6th, George K. Frank; 7th, Jacob
Holmes; 8th, Benjamin Jackson; 9th, Joseph Spurrier; 10th, William A.
Grimes; 11th, D.W. Snader.
1871.—Same, excepting Isaiah Hann in 10th and John N. Selby in 9th, vice
Grimes and Spurrier.
1872.—1st District, Edward Spalding; 2d, Dennis Cookson; 4th, Jesse Long;
6th, John J. Abbott; 7th, George P. Albaugh; 8th, Benjamin Jackson; 9th,
John N. Selby; 10th, Isaiah Hann.
1873.—1st District, Edward Spalding; 2d, Dennis Cookson; 3d, Daniel Myers;
4th, Jesse Long; 5th, Freeborn Gardner; 6th, John J. Abbott; 8th, Benjamin
Jackson; 9th, Henry S. Davis; 10th, Isaiah Hann; 11th, D.W. Snader.
1874.—1st District, Edward Spalding; 2d, J. Hamilton Singer; 3d, Daniel
Myers; 4th, Jesse Long; 5th, Freeborn Gardner; 6th, Joseph Weimer; 7th,
George P. Albaugh; 8th, W.H. Armacost; 10th, Jacob Sharretts; 11th, B.W.
Snader.
1875.—lst District, Edward Spalding; 2d, J.H. Singer; 3d, Daniel Myers; 4th,
Jesse Long; 6th, Joseph Weimer; 7th, G.P. Albaugh; 8th, J. Thomas Green;
9th, Byron S. Dorsey; 10th, Jacob Sharretts; 11th, B.W. Snader.
1876.—lst District, Edward Spalding; 2d, J.H. Singer; 3d, Daniel Myers; 5th,
Freeborn Gardner; 6th, Joseph Weimer; 7th, G.P. Albaugh; 8th, J. Thomas
Green; 9th, Byron S. Dorsey; 11th, Joseph A. Waesche.
1877.—lst District, Washington Reaver; 2d, J.H. Singer; 3d, Daniel Myers;
4th, Jesse Long; 5th, H.H. Wadlow; 6th, Joseph Weimer; 7th, G.P. Albaugh;
8th, Isaac T. Green; 9th, B.S. Dorsey; 10th, Jacob Sharretts; 11th, J.A.
Waesche.
1878-1st District, W. Reaver; 2d, Benjamin Reaver; 5th, G.W. Manro; 6th,
G.K. Frank; 7th, W.G. Rinehart; 8th, Isaac T. Green; 9th, B.S. Dorsey; 10th,
J.H. Diffendal; 11th, J.A. Waesche; 12th, George P. Buckley.
1879.—1st District, W. Reaver; 2d, Benjamin Beaver; 3d, Daniel Myers; 4th,
Jesse Long; 5th, G.W. Manro; 6th, G.K. Frank; 7th, W.G. Rinehart; 8th, J.T.
Green; 9th, B.S. Dorsey; 10th, J.H. Diffendal; 11th, J.A. Waesche; 12th,
G.P. Buckley.
1880—81.—Same, save D.P. Smelzer in 11th.
It is sometimes interesting to glance over the results of successive
elections held during a given period and to note the gradual changes
effected in public sentiment by the lapse of time, the march of
enlightenment, or the happening of exciting events which exert an influence
on the minds of electors. A philosophic study of such statistics will enable
a careful student to evolve the outline of the history of a people, the bent
of their minds, and even their character and habits.
The names of the principal candidates for office at every prominent election
held in Carroll County since 1847 to the present time (1881) is given below,
together with the number of votes cast for each candidate:
Gubernatorial Vote, 1847.
Districts. Francis Thomas.
(Democrat.) Goldsborough.
(Whig.)
Taneytown 203 296
Uniontown 261 358
Myers’ 205 79
Woolery’s 195 94
Freedom 106 208
Manchester 352 72
Westminster 262 2)3
Hampstead 159 64
Franklin 109 150
Total 1854 152-1
Vote for Delegates, 1847.
Boyle 1831 Kelly 1785
Ege 1493 Hood 1465
Powder 1791 Cover 1512
Ecker 1538 Wampler 1513
Third Congressional District.
Ligon. Philpot.
Baltimore County 2401 1902
Five Wards of Baltimore 2509 1612
Howard District 726 661
Carroll County 1801 1531
Total 7447 5706
Vote for Sheriff, 1848.
Districts Sullivan.
(Democrat.) Gore.
(Dem.) Webb.
(Whig.) Earhart.
(Whig.) Bishop
(Ind.)
Taneytown 132 173 261 186 5
Uniontown 148 166 324 114 14
Myers’ 117 109 79 124 5
Finksburg 122 163 131 2s 19
Freedom 37 95 249 103 7
Manchester 286 246 60 28 5
Westminster 222 237 200 70 10
Hampstead 119 115 73 10 29
Franklin 95 78 131 59 2
Total 1278 1382 1508 722 96
Vote for President, 1848.
Districts. Lewis Cass. Zachary Taylor.
Taneytown 195 318
Uniontown 208 373
Myers’ 181 100
Woolery’s 142 134
Freedom 88 258
Manchester 362 75
Westminster 245 262
Hampstead 154 73
Franklin 97 170
Total 1672 1763
Gubernatorial anti Senatorial Vote, 1850.
Governor. Senator.
Districts. Clark.
(Whig.) Lowe.
(Democrat.) Langwell.
(Whig.) Liggett.
(Democrat.)
Taneytown 321 162 293 189
Uniontown 358 218 357 217
Myers’ 80 157 82 155
Woolery’s 116 155 120 149
Freedom 215 88 221 80
Manchester 79 361 80 359
Westminster 261 250 288 226
Hampstead 77 146 81 140
Franklin 157 74 160 71
Total 1664 1611 1682 1586
Vote for Delegates to Constitutional Convention, 1850.
Democratic Ticket.
Districts. Cockey. Brown. Edge. Parke. Shower.
Taneytown 273 268 328 288 283
Uniontown 171 135 190 185 180
Myers’ 114 100 116 115 113
Woolery’s 153 126 135 133 134
Freedom 74 61 65 66 70
Manchester 273 271 273 280 282
Westminster 225 197 220 232 217
Hampstead 117 112 115 116 119
Franklin 51 41 31 64 68
Total 1431 1309 1473 1479 1466
Whig Ticket.
Districts. Wampler. Ecker. Swope. Frankforter Grimes.
Taneytown 96 98 134 79 91
Uniontown 230 287 236 239 232
Myers’ 48 54 45 50 48
Woolery’s 97 93 90 85 90
Freedom 154 161 161 156 166
Manchester 61 59 60 81 56
Westminster 236 222 221 218 225
Hampstead 50 48 45 46 45
Franklin 114 142 128 127 157
Total 1086 1164 1117 1081 1110
Vote on the Adoption of the New Constitution, June 1, 1851.
Districts. For. Against.
Taneytown 227 124
Uniontown 145 274
Myers’ 90 97
Woolery’s 205 39
Freedom 73 201
Manchester 287 37
Westminster 227 162
Hampstead 151 40
Franklin 66 121
Total 1071 1095
Vote for Congressman, Oct. 1, 1851.
Districts Hammond.(Democrat.) Lynch,(Whig.)
Taneytown 185 100
Uniontown 112 80
Myers’ 158 27
Woolery’s 94 6
Freedom 59 89
Manchester 253 33
Westminster 191 131
Hampstead 211
Franklin 115 86
Total 1378 552
Vote for State Comptroller, November, 1851
Districts P.F. Thomas.
(Democrat.) G.C. Morgan.
(Whig.)
Taneytown 246 271
Uniontown 250 376
Myers’ 204 89
Woolery’s 170 128
Freedom 82 206
Manchester 317 90
Westminster 269 269
Hampstead 170 73
Franklin 87 146
Total 1795 1654
For Court of Appeals, John T. Mason 1604, Fred’k A. Schley 1672.
For Circuit Judge, Madison Nelson 1732, R.H. Marshall 865, W.M. Merrick 153,
J.M. Palmer 724.
For Clerk of Court, John B. Boyle 1882, John McCollumn 1596. For Sheriff,
W.S. Brown 2199, S.J. Jordan 1491, Otho Shipley 973.
For Register of Wills, Joseph M. Parke 1607, J.J. Baumgardner 1902.
For State’s Attorney, D.L. Hoover 1801, C.W. Webster 1543.
For Orphans’ Court, M. Sullivan 1707, C.W. Manro 1800, Levi Buffington 1784,
J.C. Gist 1398, H. Price 1493, John Thomson 1362, D.B. Earhart 214, B.
Hayden 378.
For Assembly, E.F. Crout 1730, D. Stull 1702, J.E.H. Ligget 1793, Thos. Hook
1505, E.G. Cox 1346, G.E. Wampler 1668, R.H. Booth 234, A. Lamnott 300.
For Surveyor, J. Henry Hoppe 1582, James Kelly 1828.
Vote for President, 1852.
Districts Pierce. Scott.
Taneytown 153 236
Uniontown 244 341
Myers’ 201 79
Woolery’s 182 103
Freedom 94 236
Manchester 123 89
Westminster 279 252
Hampstead 166 83
Franklin 108 163
Middleburg 69 120
Total 1919 1702
Gubernatorial Vote, 1S53.
Districts. T.W. Ligon.
(Democrat.) B.J. Bowie.
(Whig.)
Taneytown 136 221
Uniontown 289 329
Myers’ 210 91
Woolery’s 202 121
Freedom 100 202
Manchester 410 88
Westminster 300 282
Hampstead 180 81
Franklin 134 184
Middleburg 79 103
Total 2046 1702
For Congress, Dr. Jacob Shower 2053, John Wethered 1654.
For Delegates, Josiah L. Baugher 1882, Thomas Smith 1909, Robert Dade 1918,
George B. Wampler 1859, Joseph Ebaugh 144, Stephen Oursler 1648.
For Register of Wills, J.J. Baumgardner 1782, J.M. Parke 1903.
For Sheriff, J.M. Yingling 2077, S.J. Jordan 1751.
For School Commissioners, Samuel Ecker 1669, J.H. Shipley 1498, J.W. Earhart
1730, J.C. Cookson 2009, A.K. Shriver 2061, Jacob Holmes 2011.
For County Commissioners, J.B. Chenowith 1731, J.C. Gist 1780, John Cover
1853, Michael Baughman 2038, Jonathan Dorsey 1927, Isaac Appler 1726.
Vote for State Comptroller, 1855.
District. W.H. Purnell.
(American.) W.W.W. Bowie.
(Democrat.)
Taneytown 249 134
Uniontown 487 180
Myers’ 110 183
Woolery’s 216 119
Freedom 306 85
Manchester 103 444
Westminster 303 313
Hampstead 123 146
Franklin 221 134
Middleburg 134 73
Total 2252 1811
Presidential Vote, 1856.
Districts Buchanan. Fillmore.
Taneytown 147 270
Uniontown 154 343
Myers’ 227 113
Woolery’s 175 207
Freedom 105 314
Manchester 494 122
Westminster 334 274
Hampstead 171 133
Franklin 99 195
Middleburg 71 156
New Windsor 122 221
Total 2099 2345
Gubernatorial Vote, 1857.
Districts. J.C. Groome.(Democrat.) T.H. Hicks.(American.)
Taneytown 161 260
Uniontown 165 343
Myers’ 230 108
Finksburg 186 207
Freedom 118 294
Manchester 502 135
Westminster 336 270
Hampstead 186 126
Franklin 107 204
Middleburg 74 145
New Windsor 114 224
Total 2179 2316
Vote for State Comptroller, 1859.
Districts. A.L. Jarrett.(Democrat.) W.H. Purnell.(American.)
Taneytown 157 279
Uniontown 176 351
Myers’ 252 106
Finksburg 220 208
Freedom 139 290
Manchester 501 139
Westminster 373 324
Hampstead 184 132
Franklin 122 186
Middleburg 73 165
New Windsor 128 228
Total 2325 2408
For County Officers.
Sheriff, William Legafoose 2417, M.F. Shilling 2319.
State’s Attorney, Edmund O’Brien 2322, C.W. Webster 2333.
Register of Wills, J.M. Parke 2435, Jacob Campbell 2293.
Judges of Orphans’ Court, D.S. Herring 2301, G.W. Manro 2314, Jonas Ecker
2361, John Thompson 2393, J.C. Gist 2376, Horatio Price 2401.
Presidential Vote, 1860.
Districts. Breckenridge. Bell. Douglas. Lincoln.
Taneytown 126 289 18 7
Uniontown 155 292 6 36
Myers’ 209 100 7 1
Woolery’s 110 189 59
Freedom 95 323 26 1
Manchester 431 137 49
Westminster 247 295 85 9
Hampstead 133 133 47
Franklin 109 171 18
Middleburg 60 152 11 4
New Windsor 122 214 8 1
Total 1797 2295 334 59
Gubernatorial Vote, 1861.
A.W. Bradford.
(Republican) B.C. Howard
(Democrat)
Taneytown 375 94
Uniontown 452 86
Myers’ 195 172
Woolery’s 268 184
Freedom 398 98
Manchester 319 323
Westminster 478 245
Hampstead 215 113
Franklin 259 68
Middleburg 188 45
New Windsor 260 94
Total 3405 1522
Vote for County Commissioners.
Benjamin Shunk 3371, Thomas F. Shepherd 3348, John H. Chew 3376, H.S. Davis
1531, Samuel A. Lauver 1568, George K. Frank 1522.
Vote for Comptroller of State, 1863.
Districts. H.H. Goldsborough
Borough.
(Independent) S.S Maffit.
(Unionist)
Taneytown 268 147
Uniontown 294 86
Myers’ 10 275
Finksburg 61 299
Freedom 232 13
Manchester 97 257
Westminster 108 501
Hampstead 135 134
Franklin 106 83
Middleburg 133 37
New Windsor 177 80
Total 1617 1912
Vote for Sheriff.
Joseph Ebaugh 2054, J.M. Yingling 1406, R.W. Stern 1138, H.P. Albaugh 161.
Presidential Vote, 1864.
Districts Lincoln. McClellan.
Taneytown 303 119
Uniontown 287 173
Myers’ 9 0 243
Finksburg 124 180
Freedom 211 121
Manchester 156 375
Westminster 325 315
Hampstead 107 169
Franklin 136 67
Middleburg 149 62
New Windsor 169 61
Total 2057 1885
Vote for Sheriff, 1865.
Districts. Jacob D. Hoppe.(Republican.) J.A. Bush.(Independent.)
Taneytown 237 14
Uniontown 252 17
Myers’ 86 19
Finksburg 90 47
Freedom 151 13
Manchester 97 30
Westminster 289 51
Hampstead 77 22
Franklin 75 16
Middleburg 69 9
New Windsor 106 8
Total 1529 250
For Commissioners.
T.F. Shepherd 1421, Thomas Paynter 1471, John H. Chew 1728, Israel Norris
372, John H. Jordan 268.
Surveyor.
James Kelley 1749.
Register.
H.H. Harbaugh 1800.
Vote for State Comptroller, 1866.
Districts Robt. Bruce.
(Republican.) W.J. Leonard.
(Democrat.)
Taneytown 322 55
Uniontown 339 145
Myers’ 123 127
Finksburg 166 204
Freedom 223 135
Manchester 153 78
Westminster 371 309
Hampstead 129 138
Franklin 131 88
Middleburg 159 66
New Windsor 143 149
Total 2259 1494
Vote on the Adoption of the Constitution, Sept. 18, 1867.
Districts For. Against.
Taneytown 103 293
Uniontown 145 269
Myers’ 251 91
Finksburg 217 157
Freedom 156 195
Manchester 411 124
Westminster 383 334
Hampstead 166 102
Franklin 111 115
Middleburg 66 105
New Windsor 148 135
Total 2187 1920
Vote for Calling Constitutional Convention, April 10, 1867.
Districts For. Against.
Taneytown 80 275
Uniontown 96 238
Myers’ 245 85
Finksburg 166 137
Freedom 116 164
Manchester 373 142
Westminster 307 308
Hampstead 123 99
Franklin 69 96
Middleburg 39 94
New Windsor 107 117
Total. 1721 1735
Vote for Delegates.
Districts. Longwell. Manro. Galt. Bennett. Cover. Hayden.
Taneytown 79 79 79 79 79 79
Uniontown 96 96 96 96 96 96
Myers’ 245 245 243 245 244 245
Finksburg 166 166 166 166 166 166
Freedom 115 116 115 115 115 114
Manchester 378 372 372 372 372 373
Westminster 310 309 309 309 309 309
Hampstead 123 123 123 123 123 123
Franklin 69 68 69 70 69 69
Middleburg 39 39 39 39 39 39
New Windsor 108 104 109 109 109 108
Total 1723 1717 1720 1723 1721 1721
The Republicans voted against calling a convention, and placed no candidates
for delegates in the field.
Gubernatorial Vote, 1867.
Districts Oden Bowie.
(Democrat.) Hugh L. Bond.
(Republican.)
Taneytown 143 336
Uniontown 245 316
Myers’ 283 106
Finksburg 290 173
Freedom 243 222
Manchester 483 167
Westminster 475 366
Hampstead 204 144
Franklin 160 145
Middleburg 95 150
New Windsor 195 166
Total 2815 2291
For Senator, Nathan Browne 2789, D.H. Swope 2352.
For Delegates, H.S. Davis 2806, J.H. Jordan 2786, Benjamin Worthington 2799,
John W. Harden 2777, Robert Russell 2334, W.W. Naill 2324, Jesse Andrews
2352, Jacob C. Turner 2327.
For Clerk, John B. Boyle 2716, William A. McKellip 2406.
For Register of Wills, Joseph M. Parke 2710, H.W. Harbaugh 2358.
For State’s Attorney, C.T. Reifsnyder 2780, A.D. Schaeffer 2350.
For Sheriff, Thomas B. Gist 2804, Washington Galt 2327.
For Surveyor, Francis Warner 2707, James Kelley 2340.
For Orphans’ Court, H.T. Webb 2786, Jacob Powder 2719, Levi Buffington 2770,
Joseph Shaeffer, 2370, Jacob Campbell 2378, David Pugh 2350.
Presidential Vote, 1868.
Districts Seymour. Grant.
Taneytown 122 328
Uniontown 21 6 306
Myers’ 272 108
Finksburg 241 174
Freedom 215 216
Manchester 463 173
Westminster 469 375
Hampstead 201 136
Franklin 140 158
Middleburg 81 149
New Windsor 187 177
Total 2607 2300
Vote for State Comptroller, 1869.
Levin Walford. Wm. A. McKillip
Taneytown 119 302
Uniontown 235 278
Myers’ 248 105
Finksburg 221 169
Freedom 160 180
Manchester 459 144
Westminster 419 394
Hampstead 208 138
Franklin 150 132
Middleburg 77 134
New Windsor 162 174
Total 2458 2150
Vote for Sheriff, 1869.
John Tracey (Democrat) 2522, Michael Baughman (Republican) 2073, John M.
Yingling (Independent) 42.
Congressional Vote, 1810.
Districts. John Richie. John E. Smith.
Taneytown 138 309
Uniontown 266 349
Myers’ 280 104
Finksburg 307 159
Freedom 251 268
Manchester 473 164
WestminsterPrecinct No. 1 288 285
No. 2 262 228
Hampstead 218 119
Franklin 192 193
Middleburg 86 160
New Windsor 205 220
Total 2966 2558
Gubernatorial Vote, 1871.
Districts W.P. Whyte.
(Democrat.) Jacob Tome.
(Republican.)
Taneytown 144 322
Uniontown 236 354
Myers’ 256 92
Finksburg 284 169
Freedom 256 266
Manchester 486 172
Westminster:
Precinct No. 1 278 285
“ No. 2 255 229
Hampstead 211 123
Franklin 180 185
Middleburg 71 157
New Windsor 195 234
Total 2858 2583
Presidential Vote, 1872.
Districts. Greeley. Grant.
Taneytown 127 325
Uniontown 177 295
Myers’ 249 105
Woolery’s 235 154
Freedom 162 276
Manchester 474 156
Westminster:
Precinct No. 1 260 269
“ No. 2 247 231
Hampstead 192 128
Franklin 117 193
Middleburg 43 141
New Windsor 162 195
Union Bridge 60 139
Total 2505 2587
Vote for State Comptroller, 1873.
Levin Wolford(Democrat.) H. H. Goldsborough(Republican.)
Taneytown 15 315
Uniontown 213 289
Myers’ 278 108
Finksburg 296 178
Freedom 249 272
Manchester 493 180
Westminster:
Precinct No. I 302 295
“ No. 2 257 241
Hampstead 200 131
Franklin 181 177
Middleburg 62 132
New Windsor 207 214
Union Bridge 71 134
Total 2964 2666
Congressional Vote, 1874.
Districts. Charles B. Roberts
(Democrat) John T. Ensor.
(Republican)
Taneytown 123 299
Uniontown 188 230
Myers’ 239 81
Woolery’s 252 138
Freedom 183 210
Manchester 490 141
Westminster:
Precinct No. 1. 289 181
“ No. 2. 264 256
Hampstead 167 117
Franklin 141 137
Middleburg 61 93
New Windsor 185 170
Union Bridge 82 102
Total 2664 2155
Gubernatorial Vote, 1875.
Districts. John Lee Carroll J. Morrison Harris
Taneytown 124 355
Uniontown 197 292
Myers’ 267 135
Finksburg 29L 182
Freedom 222 295
Manchester 464 191
Westminster:Precinct No. 1. 267 237
“ No. 2. 260 325
Hampstead 195 162
Franklin 153 222
Middleburg 66 138
New Windsor 171 250
Union Bridge 76 130
Total 2753 2914
Presidential Vote, 1876.
Districts. Tilden. Hayes.
Taneytown 148 370
Uniontown 213 309
Myers’ 294 133
Woolery’s 346 218
Freedom 304 270
Manchester 544 175
Westminster:Precinct No. I. 307 245
“ No. 2. 303 331
Hampstead 247 145
Franklin 215 196
Middleburg 86 146
New Windsor 204 228
Union Bridge 94 136
Total 3303 2902
Vote for State Comptroller, 1877.
T.J. Keating. Dr. G. Ellis Porter.
Taneytown 148 338
Uniontown 184 275
Myers’ 265 108
Finksburg 280 242
Freedom 272 215
Manchester 477 168
Westminster:Precinct No. 1 280 237
“ No. 2 257 293
Hampstead 216 135
Franklin 179 164
Middleburg 62 114
New Windsor 178 209
Union Bridge 75 121
Total 2873 2549
Vote for Sheriff, 1877.
Peter Woods 2725, Edmund A. Ganter 2563, Abraham Greider 104.
Congressional Vote, 1878.
Districts J. Fred. C. Talbott.
(Democrat.) G.B. Milligan.
(Independent.)
Taneytown 104 94
Uniontown 120 49
Myers’ 221 27
Finksburg 178 45
Freedom 163 112
Manchester 393 92
Westminster:Precinct No. 1 213 170
“ No. 2 205 197
Hampstead 147 54
Franklin 160 4
Middleburg 56 36
New Windsor 147 104
Union Bridge 68 66
Total 2175 1050
The vote was 2000 short. McCombs also received 89 votes, Morling 27, and
Miller 11.
Gubernatorial Vote, 1879.
Districts. W.T. Hamilton.
(Democrat.) J.A. Gary.
(Republican.)
Taneytown 179 399
Uniontown 241 348
Myers’ 295 124
Finksburg 327 253
Freedom 322 290
Manchester 545 186
Westminster:Precinct No. 1 329 276
“ No. 2 304 348
Hampstead 253 147
Franklin 229 227
Middleburg 98 144
New Windsor 188 230
Union Bridge 107 149
Total 3417 3121
Presidential Vote, 1880.
Districts Hancock. Garfield.
Taneytown 190 375
Uniontown 234 348
Myers’ 297 127
Finksburg 335 229
Freedom 30 7 326
Manchester 570 194
Westminster:Precinct No. 1. 339 249
“ No. 2. 298 348
Hampstead 281 160
Franklin 228 238
Middleburg 91 147
New Windsor 206 248
Union Bridge 116 149
Total 3492 3138
Weaver (Greenback candidate) received 42 votes.
Vote For or Against Liquor License, 1880.
Districts For. Against.
Taneytown 182 336
Uniontown 224 310
Myers’ 321 77
Finksburg 2 86 242
Freedom 286 288
Manchester 591 138
Westminster:Precinct No. 1 301 238
“ No. 2 335 269
Hampstead 262 148
Franklin 239 188
Middleburg 103 123
New Windsor 133 183
Union Bridge 102 146
Total 3375 2688
Bench and Bar.—The bar of Maryland Since the days of Luther Martin has
enjoyed a national reputation for the ability, eloquence, and sound opinions
of its members. It has been mainly recruited from the counties of the State,
and some of its most eloquent advocates have been reared amid rural
surroundings and their pure influences. The local bars at the smaller
county-seats are seldom heard of beyond the circumscribed area of their
practice, and yet men frequently pass their lives at these provincial points
whose energies and abilities, exerted in wider fields, would have commanded
fame and wealth. They are useful in their day and generation, and perhaps,
after all, the approval of their own consciences, and the esteem of those
who know them best, is a more enduring reward than the fleeting praises of
the multitude, or the honors which leave canker and corrosion behind.
At the first meeting of the Circuit Court of Carroll County in 1837, William
P. Maulsby, James Raymond, James M. Shellman, Arthur F. Shriver, and T.
Parkin Scott were admitted to practice. Of these but one now remains.
Col. William P. Maulsby, in the fullness of years, but with unabated vigor,
still represents the interests of his clients in the leading courts of the
State, and many a more youthful attorney envies the elasticity of mind and
knowledge of law which he displays. Col. Maulsby was born in Harford County,
Md., and after careful training selected law as a profession. He removed to
Frederick, where he practiced until the creation of the county of Carroll,
when he removed to Westminster, and was appointed by the court the first
State’s attorney of the new county. He filled this position with great
credit until 1846. He was also the first State senator from Carroll, and was
an active and influential member of the higher branch of tile State
Legislature for eight years. At the breaking out of the civil war Col.
Maulsby’s convictions were decidedly in favor of the Union, and he gave
practical direction to his opinions by taking command of a Maryland regiment
in the Army of the Potomac, where he saw much active service. Upon his
retirement from the army he resumed the practice of his profession in
Frederick City, and he was appointed by the Governor, Jan. 20, 1870, chief
judge of the Sixth Judicial District of Maryland, composed of the counties
of Frederick and Montgomery, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of
Judge Madison Nelson. He filled this position acceptably until his successor
was chosen at the November election. He is now the senior member of the bar
in Carroll County, has an extensive practice, and stands deservedly high in
the legal profession.
Thomas Parkin Scott, one of the pioneers of the Carroll County bar, was born
in Baltimore in 1804, and educated at St. Mary’s College. He studied law
with an elder brother, and was admitted to the bar in Baltimore, where he
soon acquired a large practice. He was the auditor of the Equity Court for
many years. He was at one time a member of the City Council of Baltimore,
and served several terms in the Maryland Legislature, of which body he was a
member at the breaking out of the war in 1861. He was arrested by the
military because of his sympathies with the South, and confined successively
in Forts McHenry, Lafayette, and Warren during a period of fourteen months.
It is related of him that while confined in Fort Warren a Northern preacher
requested to be allowed to preach to the Southern prisoners, which was
acceded to provided the latter were permitted to select the text. Judge
Scott selected Acts xxv. 27: “It seemeth to me unreasonable to send a
prisoner and not withal to signify the crimes laid against him.” The
prisoners did not receive the benefit of the clergyman’s ministrations on
that occasion. Judge Scott was elected judge of the Circuit Court of
Baltimore City in 1867, and was made chief judge of the Supreme Bench in the
following year, both of which positions he held until his death, Oct. 13,
1873. In politics he was a stern, uncompromising Democrat, and in religion a
sincere convert to the Catholic faith. As a judge, he was upright, impartial
and wise, and as a man, he was beloved and lamented by the community in
which he had lived.
Col. James M. Shellman was born in Louisville, Ga., Sept. 8, 1801. His wife
was a daughter of Philip Jones, of the “Gallipot” farm, in Baltimore County,
who was a soldier in the war of 1812. The grandfather of Mrs. Shellman was
the first register or wills for Baltimore County, and her great-grandfather
was Philip Jones, the surveyor who laid out the town of Baltimore in 1730.
Col. Shellman was the auditor of the court of Carroll County from its
organization in 1837 until his death, which occurred Jan. 14, 1851. His long
service is sufficient evidence of the faithful performance of the duties
appertaining to the position. He was an active and influential member of the
House of Delegates of Maryland in 1845 and 1846.
James Raymond was State’s attorney from 1846 to 1847, and a member of the
House of Delegates of Maryland in 1844.
Samuel D. Lecompte was a member of the House of Delegates in 1842.
Charles W. Webster was a son of Rev. Isaac Webster, a pioneer preacher, and
served several years as deputy attorney-general.
John E. Smith was judge of the Circuit Court from 1864 to 1867, and his
law-partner, Col. William A. McKellip, was clerk of the court from 1862 to
1867.
Hon. John E. Smith was born at Westminster, on the 19th of January, 1830,
and received his education at Pennsylvania College, Gettysburg, where he
graduated in 1849. Returning home he determined to study law, and entered
the office of the distinguished lawyer, J.M. Palmer, at Frederick City.
After a thorough course of study he was admitted to the bar at Westminster,
on the 2d of September, 1851, and at once secured the respect and esteem of
the profession and the confidence of his fellow-citizens. His success at the
bar was rapid and pronounced, and he soon acquired an extensive popularity
and influence in politics. In 1856 he was elected to the State Legislature,
and took a very active and prominent part, with Hon. Anthony Kennedy,
William M. Travers, William T. Merrick, and others, in securing the repeal
of the stamp tax and in effecting other reforms.
In 1857 he was elected to the Senate of Maryland, and in 1859 re-elected to
the same body. In 1864 he was elected a member of the Constitutional
Convention which abolished slavery in this State. Upon the adoption of the
constitution of 1864, Judge Smith was elected judge of the Fourth Judicial
Circuit, comprising the counties of Carroll and Howard. During the three
years he occupied a position on the bench he discharged his duties in so
careful and impartial a manner that when the State was redistricted under
the constitution of 1867, he retired with the confidence and respect of the
people of the two counties without reference to party. In 1870 he was the
Republican candidate for Congress in the Fourth, now the Sixth,
Congressional District, but was defeated. During the session of the
Legislature of that year, upon the election of Governor Whyte to the United
States Senate, Judge Smith was unanimously selected by the Republican
members and voted for as Governor of the State, but was defeated by Governor
Groome. Judge Smith has repeatedly served as elector at large upon the
Republican Presidential ticket, and as delegate to various district, State,
and National Conventions. On the death of Judge Giles he was prominently
mentioned for United States District Judge of Maryland, and again in 1879 as
Republican candidate for Governor of Maryland. On the latter occasion he
publicly announced that he was not an aspirant for any office, and that he
intended thenceforth to devote himself exclusively to the pursuit of his
profession. This declaration was received with regret by the general public,
as well as by his many friends of all shades of political opinion throughout
the State, as Judge Smith had always borne, and still bears, the highest
reputation as a lawyer and a man. He is now in the prime of life, and in the
active practice of his profession, which is very large and lucrative. Judge
Smith is regarded as being one of the soundest and ablest lawyers in the
State, and enjoys a personal influence in his community which is the
legitimate fruit of a life of the strictest rectitude in all his relations,
and of scrupulous fidelity in discharging every trust that has been confided
to him. He has never sought office, and all the nominations bestowed upon
him were entirely without any solicitation on his part. In fact, it was only
after repeated and urgent requests that he ever consented to serve the
people. He has never been a bitter partisan, but at the same time has always
been a zealous and consistent member of the Republican party; and to his
uniformly conservative and temperate course is to be ascribed much of the
well-earned popularity which he enjoys.
Hon. Charles Boyle Roberts, ex-congressman and one of Carroll County’s
leading lawyers, was born in Uniontown, Carroll Co., April 19, 1842. His
father (John Roberts) and his mother (Catharine A. Boyle) were natives of
Uniontown, and his ancestors were among the earliest settlers of the
vicinity. Charles B. Roberts was educated at Calvert College, New Windsor,
where he graduated in 1861. Directly thereafter he began the study of the
law with Hon. William N. Hayden (now one of the associate judges of the
Circuit Court for the Fifth Judicial Circuit), and in 1864, being admitted
to the bar, made his residence in Westminster, where he has lived and
practiced his profession ever since. In 1868 he was chosen on the Democratic
ticket as one of the Presidential electors from Maryland, and six years
later (in 1874) was elected to Congress from the Second District of
Maryland, composed of the counties of Cecil, Harford, and Carroll, and all
of Baltimore County save the First and Thirteenth Election Districts. His
majority over John T. Ensor, the Republican candidate, was 2444 in a total
vote of 18,920. During his term he served on the Committee of the Levees of
the Mississippi River and on the Committee of Accounts, of which latter he
became the chairman upon the transfer of the former chairman (James D.
Williams) to the Governorship of Indiana, Mr. Roberts introduced a bill
providing for the equalization of the tax on State and national banks, and
supported his measure in a speech that attracted marked attention. His
record in the Forty-fourth Congress was so creditable that he was nominated
by acclamation for a seat in the Forty-fifth, and out of a total vote of
27,017, gained over J. Morrison Harris, the Republican candidate, a majority
of 3149. His earlier experience and the generous development of his capacity
as a statesman rendered his service in the Forty-fifth Congress singularly
useful not only to his own district but to the State of Maryland. He served
as chairman of the Committee on Accounts, and discharged his duties with
rare discrimination and judgment. He was likewise a member of the Committee
on Commerce, and in that capacity accomplished much beneficial work for the
State. He secured liberal appropriations for the improvement of Baltimore
Harbor, and was chiefly instrumental in the passage of the bill granting a
portion of the Fort McHenry reservation as the site of the new dry-dock. He
bent his best energies to effect a revision of the tariff law, under which
Baltimore has suffered the loss of her sugar and coffee trade, and opposed
with earnestness and vigor the proposed subsidy to John Roach’s line of
Brazilian steamers. In a strong speech against that measure he concluded as
follows:
“In conclusion, Mr. Speaker, permit me to say that while the pending
amendment may possess attractions for some because of the supposed
advantages which are expected to accrue to the localities named in it, and
while the prosperity of a thrifty and enterprising city may be destroyed by
the exercise of an unjust, arbitrary, and doubtful power of the Federal
government in seeking to build up and foster a trade which private
enterprise has failed to develop, I yet sincerely question whether the
victory thus gained will commend itself to the plain, sober second thought
of those who are its advocates to-day. The wrong thus accomplished will not
fail to seek a compensation. Time will furnish the opportunity, and
circumstances will shape the occasion. We are not here to legislate for any
particular locality, but we come here under the provisions of the
Constitution, which in plain terms declares that ‘no preference shall be
given by any regulation of commerce or revenue to the ports of one State
over those of another.’ It is but a few weeks since we passed the
inter-State commerce bill, in obedience to a public sentiment which demanded
that unjust discriminations should not be imposed upon the citizens of one
State or locality in favor of those of another and if this amendment is to
become a law it will very manifestly appear that we do not object to the
general government’s crushing the prosperity of a great and flourishing
city, but we will not permit the corporations of the country to exercise any
such right, that being a special reservation of Congress. How different was
Mr. Webster’s view of this subject, as presented in his speech in the
Senate, March 7, 1850, when he said,—
“ ‘If there be any matter pending in this body, while I am a member of it,
in which Massachusetts has an interest of her own not averse to the general
interests of the country, I shall pursue her instructions with gladness of
heart and with all the efficiency which I can bring to the occasion. But if
the question be one which affects her interest, and at the same tune equally
affects the interests of all the other States, I shall no more regard her
particular wishes or instructions than I should regard the wishes of a man
who might appoint mean arbitrator or referee to decide some question of
important private right between him and his neighbor and then instruct inc
to decide in his favor. If ever there was a government upon earth it is this
government; if ever there was a body upon earth it is this body, which
should consider itself as composed by agreement of all, each member
appointed by some, but organized by the general consent of all sitting here,
under the solemn obligations of oath and conscience, to do that which they
think to be best for the good of the whole.’
“Sir, when we shall have reached the conclusion that the highest obligations
we owe to the government is to make it subserve the wants of one State,
utterly disregarding the rights of the others; when we shall resort to
combinations of doubtful propriety to purchase successful legislative
action; when we can afford to ignore past friendly relations, and upon
mercenary motives seek new alliances, personal and political, it will not be
long ore we shall realize—
‘How nations sink, by darling schemes oppressed,
When Vengeance listens to the fool’s request.’ “
As chairman of the Committee on Commerce, Mr. Roberts perfected a measure
for a thorough reorganization of the United States Life-Saving Service, and
enjoyed the gratification not only of securing the passage of the act, but
of receiving the warmest approval of his work abroad as well as at home. At
the close of his term in the Forty-fifth Congress he decided to resume the
practice of the law and to retire from public life. In recognition of his
valuable services in Congress he was tendered, in the spring of 1879, by
leading citizens of Baltimore, a complimentary banquet at the Mount Vernon
Hotel. The following is the letter of invitation:
“BALTIMORE, March 7, 1879.
“HON. CHARLES B. ROBERTS, Westminster, Md.:
“DEAR SIR,—A number of your friends here among our business men have been
desiring for some time to make you some acknowledgment of the earnestness
and ability with which you have dedicated yourself in the House of
Representatives to the furtherance of the business interests of this
community. There has been no measure of importance to the prosperity of
Baltimore in the promotion of which you have not taken an active and useful
part, or in which we have not had occasion to be grateful to you for your
accessibility and courtesy, as well as for the intelligence and great
efficiency of your labors. The adjournment of Congress affords us the
desired
opportunity, and we beg that you will do us the favor to meet us at dinner
on Thursday, the 13th of March, at 7 P.M., or at such other time as may
better suit your convenience.
“It will be agreeable to you, we are sure, to know that while the gentlemen
whom you will oblige by accepting this invitation represent all shades of
political opinion, they are of hearty accord in their estimate of your
impartial fidelity as a public servant, and in their high personal respect
and esteem for you.
“We are, dear sir, with great regard,
“Truly yours,
“S.T. Wallis. William H. Perot.
John W. Garrett. Henry C. Smith.
Decatur H. Miller. Christian Ax.
Enoch Pratt. Daniel J. Foley.
James Hodges. J.D. Kremnelberg.
Washington Booth. S.P. Thompson.
Robert A. Fisher. James A. Gary.
John I. Middleton. John S. Gilman.
Israel M. Parr. Robert Garrett.
Stephen Bonsai. Walter B. Brooks.
C.W. Humrickhouse. Charles D. Fisher.
Richard D. Fisher. Charles A. Councilman.
James Carey Coale. James E. Tate.
Robert T. BaldWm. William Keyser.
John E. I’Iurst. Louis Muller.
William H. Graham. F.C. Latrobe.
R.W. Cator. H.M. Warfield.
George B. Coale. Basil Wagner.
John L. Thomas, Jr. P.H. MacGill.
George P. Frick. S.E. Hoogewerff.”
James Sloan, Jr.
Although he has not been a candidate for public office since the close of
his last congressional term, Mr. Roberts has nevertheless been frequently
called to occupy positions of prominence in connection with public and
private enterprises. In June, 1880, he was sent as a delegate to the
National Convention at Cincinnati that nominated Gen. Hancock to the
Presidency, and as a member of the Democratic State Convention of 1881, was
appointed one of the committee selected to draft a new registration bill for
the State. He is one of the managers of the Maryland House of Correction,
and in his own town and county occupies a prominent place in connection with
projects devoted to the public welfare. He is a director of the Union
National Bank of Westminster, as well as of the Westminster Gaslight
Company, and of the Mutual Fire Insurance Company, and president of the
recently-organized Westminster Water-Works Company. In 1875 Mount St. Mary’s
College, of Emmittsburg, Md., conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of
Laws. His chosen profession has ever found in him, an ardent devotee, and to
its pursuit he gives his warmest efforts and most zealous ambition,
encouraged by the knowledge that his labors find ample reward and bear
abundant fruit. He was married Nov. 10, 1863, to Annie E., daughter of Col.
John T. Mathias, of Maryland. At his home in Westminster he dispenses a
genial hospitality that is widely known and warmly esteemed among the many
who have from time to time been privileged to share it.
Politically, Mr. Roberts has always been a zealous but conservative
Democrat, and while he has steadily adhered to the regular organization of
that party, he has exhibited on all occasions an independence and
conscientiousness in the discharge of his duties, both as a member of the
Democratic party and as a public official, which have secured him the
highest confidence and respect of the best elements in both parties. He has
frequently been mentioned in various quarters as the Democratic candidate
for Governor. With exceptional abilities as a lawyer Mr. Roberts combines
the qualities of a sound and practical judgment and remarkable business
energy and tact, qualities which, together with his attractive personal
characteristics, have secured him an enviable popularity throughout the
State as well as in his own immediate community, where he is best known and
most thoroughly appreciated. In fact, he is one of the most enterprising,
progressive, and influential gentlemen in the State, not only as a public
man of the best and most honorable type, but also as a sound and well-read
lawyer and a highly-successful and prosperous business man.
The three attorneys who have been longest at the bar of Carroll County are
Judge Maulsby, C.W. Webster, Joseph M. Parke, the last having been register
of wills from 1869 to 1873.
The list given below includes all the attorneys who have been regular
practitioners at the Carroll County bar, together with the names of eminent
lawyers from other parts of the State who have been specially admitted for
the trial of particular causes:
1837. 1844.
April 3. William P. Maulsby. Sept. 2. William N. Hayden.
“ 3. James M. Shellman. “ 4. John H. Ing.
“ 3. James Raymond. “ 4. Nathaniel Williams.
“ 3. Arthur F. Shriver. “ 4. G. Eichelberger.
“ 3. T. Parkin Scott. 1845.
Sept. 7. Samuel D. Lecompte. April 7. W.T. Palmer.
“ 7. Isaac Van Bibber. “ 7. John J. McCullough.
1838. “ 9. Elijah F. Crout.
Madison Nelson. July 1. Clothworthy Birnie.
Edward Shriver. 1846.
George. Schley. April 7. Elbridge G. Kilbourn.
Joseph Breek. “ 7. R. Wilison, Jr.
R. J. Bowie. “ 7. Wm. McSherry.
1839. “ 7. James McSherry.
Sept. 6. Charles W. Webster. “ 8. Covington D. Barnitz.
“ 6. James M. Coale. “ 15. Wm. G. Matthias.
6. B. S. Forrest. Sept. 9. J.J. Baumgardner.
“ 6. Wm. Cost Johnson. “ 9. Michael G. Webster.
1840. 1847.
Sept. 7. Joseph M. Parke. April 6. Geo. K. Sheilman.
1843. Sept. 7. Joseph C. Boyd.
Sept. W.H.G. Dorsey, “ 7. Will Motter.
John T.B. Dorsey. 1865.
April 4. H.F. Bardwell. May 10. W.C. Griffith.
Sept. 5. James Cooper. “ 10. C.T. Reifsnider.
1849. “ 10. Milton Whitney.
April 7. Daniel L. Hoover. “ 10. Abner Neal.
Sept. 4. Edmund L. Rogers. “ 31. H. Winter Davis.
“ 4. Wm. C. Sappington. “ 31. A. Stirling, Jr.
“ 5. Thomas Whelan, Jr. “ 31. W. E. McLaughlin.
“ 5. G.W. Nabb. Nov. 14. Peter W. Cram.
Dec. 3. R.G. McCreary. “ 14. Joseph Davis.
1850. 1866.
April 1. E. Holloway. Nov. 12. Isaac E. Pearson, Jr.
“ 1. E.G. Day. “ 28 W. Fernandis, Jr. 1851.
1867.
April 7. A. H. Hobbs. May 13. S.P. Webster.
Sept. 1. Robert Lyon Rogers. “ 13. James A.C. Bond.
“ 2. Wm. M. Merrick. “ 14. Wm. Price.
“ 2. John E. Smith. Aug. 1. James W. McElroy.
1852. Oct. 28. R.B. Norment.
April 5. M.B. Luckett. Nov. 13. 13. F.M. Hurley.
“ 6. James Hungerford. “ 13. Wm. A. McKellip.
“ 7. Ephraim Carmack. 1868.
“ 15. Dennis H. Poole. June11. Wm. Reynolds, Jr.
15. John S. Tyson. “ 11. W.W. Sullivan.
Sept. 7. Worthington Ross. Sept. Wm. Waterman.
“ 7. Bradley T. Johnson. “ D.W. Zepp.
“ 7. Frederick Nelson. Dec. 1. F.C. Latrobe.
1854. “ 4. D.H. Roberts.
April 8. Isaac E. Pearson “ 4. J.A.C. Bond.
Sept. 6. Thomas Donaldson “ 4. A.D. Schaeffer.
“ 8. J.T.M. Wharton. 1869.
1855. Nov. 8. D.G. Wright.
April 2. Oscar Baugher. “ 29. R.G. Keene.
“ 5. M.P. Galligher. 1870.
Sept. 1. Wm. G. Read. Feb. 14. W.W. Dallas
1858. May 17. Orville Horwitz.
April 6. Wm. A. Fisher. “ 17. R. J. Gittings.
“ 8. John A. Lynch. “ 31. Thos. R. Clendinen.
Sept. 8. E. O’Brien. May 13. A. K. Syester.
“ 8. W. Scott Roberts. “ 16. A. 11. Norris.
9. James T. Smith. Nov. 7. A. S. Diller.
1859. “ 28. T. Sturgis Davis.
April 4. John T. Ensor. 1872.
“ 6. E. Louis Lowe. May 13. D.N. Benning.
Sept. 5. T.S. Alexander. Aug. 12. Harris J. Chilton.
“ 8. S. Morris Cochran. Nov. 23. W.J. Jones.
1860. 1873.
“ 4. J.S. Yellott. May 12. Z. S. Claggett.
1861. “ 24. Henry A. McAtee.
April 1. C.C. Raymond. Nov. 10. E.J.D. Cross.
4. Wm. Schley. “ 17. George Freaner.
Sept. 4. R.R. Boarman. 1874.
“ 4. W.P. Preston. May 14. James Fennei’ Lee.
“ 9. C.H. Busby. “ 14. J.Q.A. Jones.
1862. “ 18. T.H. Edwards.
July 15. David Wills. “ 18. T.Q. Kennedy.
“ 16. D. McConnaughy. “ 18. Wm. T. Hamilton.
1863. “ 18. H.K. Douglas.
S.J. Frank. Aug. 13. J.E.K. Wood.
1864. 1875.
April 5. Charles B. Roberts. May 11. A.H. Robertson.
Sept. 1. Milton G. Urner. “ 25. Edward Stake.
May 25. R. Chemfours. May 12. Charles E. Fink.
July 15. L.L. Cunard. “ 19. Benj. I. Cohen.
“ 20. J.J. Alexander. June 6. Wm. L. Seabrook.
Aug. 9. M.B. Settle. “ 10. L.L. Billingslea.
Nov. 17. B. Frank Crouse. “ 17. G.W. Pearce.
1876. Nov. 10. Charles L. Wilson.
May 31. Trueman Smith. “ 19. Frank L. Webb.
June 1. James W. Pearre. “ 28. — Shull.
Aug. 15. Thos. W. Brundige. Dec. 8. John Sterrat.
Nov. 15. S.L. Stockbridge. “ 15. John McClean.
Dec. 11. W.M. Busey. “ 23. William Walsh.
“ 14.W.A. Hammond. “ 23. D.D. Blackeilton.
1877. “ 23. James E. Ellegood.
May 25. William Grason. 1880.
“ 25. D.G. McIntosh. May 10. W.J. Keech.
“ 30. O.F. Mack. “ 10. John F. Courep.
June 2. John S. Shillson. “ 10. N.W. Watkins.
Nov. 27. O.P. Macgill. June 3. Douglas B. Smith.
Dec. 12. J.T. Mason. Aug. 9. H.W. Crowl.
1878. Nov. 8. C.P. Meredith.
May 13. S.F. Miller. “ 9. H.M. Clabaugh.
“ 11. John R. Buchanan. “ 10. George Whitelock.
“ 17 T.W. Hall. “ 16. A. Hinton Boyd.
“ 20. W.C.N. Carr. 1881.
June 17. Frank X. Ward. May 20. John S. Donaldson.
Aug. 13. Jas. A. Piffenbaugh. “ 20. Thos. K. Bradford.
Nov. 12. George E. Cramer. “ 20. Joseph C. Boyd.
“ 30. W.H. Washington. “ 20. John H. Handy.
1879. “ 30. Frederick E. Cook
May 12. John Berry.
Literature and art are essentially the products of life in the country. The
freedom of the woods and fields, the rippling streams, the hills and
valleys, and the health-giving atmosphere uncontaminated by the thousand
impurities of large cities, seem necessary for the nurture and development
of genius. Nature in her simplest and grandest forms there excites the
imagination and fosters the creative faculty in man. However great may be
the influence of culture and accumulated experience and example, only to be
obtained in great cities, the narrow ruts of life in a metropolis and the
concentration of all the powers of body and mind in one direction are
unfavorable to the production or early development of genius, and hence it
is found that a very large proportion of the really great poets, painters,
and sculptors of the world have been born in the country, and very many have
passed their early years there. Carroll County in this regard has been no
exception to the rule. Artists and poets have been born within her borders
whom the world will not willingly let die, some whose works have received
the approval of distant lands and whose names are spoken with homage in all
cultivated households. The aggregations of books and master-pieces in large
cities and the splendid advantages which wealth has extended through the
instrumentality of schools of conservatories, and colleges makes it of the
importance that the devotees of art and literature should seek the great
centres of civilization and avail themselves of the resources so lavishly
supplied. True genius is never appalled by obstacles, and so it generally
happens that those who recognize its promptings sooner or later work their
way to the attainment of their, wishes, and the city rather than the country
is a gainer by their reputation. Few countries can I present nature to the
inspired student of art in more beautiful or more varied aspects than are to
be found in Carroll County. Almost every phase of natural scenery is
illustrated within her borders, from the landscapes of simple pastoral
beauty to the rugged and sublime outlines of the lofty peaks of the Blue
Ridge, and some of these scenes have been faithfully reflected in the works
of her sons, who have sought the distinction elsewhere that they could not
expect at home.
In 1850 there was to be seen at the Chesapeake Bank a sculptured bust of
Andrew Jackson, which had been presented to Col. J.S. Gittings by the
Messrs. F.M. & H.F. Baughman. It was the work of an apprentice to the
Messrs. Baughman, named Reinhart. It was executed chiefly at night, after
the hours of labor, and was the first effort of his chisel. “The excellence
of the work gives promise of high attainment in this beautiful art, and
leads us to hope that Maryland may yet be able to give to the world some
enduring memento of the age in one of the most admirable departments of
human genius.” Such was the greetings of encouragement which the first work
of young Reinhart received, and the contemporaneous description of the first
work of his chisel.
William H. Reinhart was born in Carroll County, Md., about the year 1826;
his father was a well-to-do farmer of German descent, living near
Westminster, in that county, and characterized by thrift, perseverance, and
economy. All the children were actively employed about the farm, and
received the rudiments of an English education at a school in Westminster.
When a mere boy young Reinhart evinced very great interest in the working of
the marble quarries that abounded in the neighborhood, and in this
particular he found opportunity for the bent of his genius in the quarry and
stone-cutting yard on his father’s farm. At the age of sixteen, with his
father’s consent, he came to Baltimore, and presented himself at the store
of Andrew Gregg, on Franklin Street, to whom his father was in the habit of
consigning produce of his farm. He told Mr. Gregg that he desired to
apprentice himself to some useful trade, and preferred that of
marble-working, with which he already had some familiarity. He was
immediately taken to the marble-yard and stone-cutting establishment of
Baughman & Bevan, and engaged as an apprentice by that firm. He proved
himself to be a steady and industrious youth, with a taste for reading and
study which he gratified, at night by regular attendance at the Maryland
Institute, and School of Design, where his favorite studies were mythology,
ancient history, anatomy, architecture, and books on art and artists. He
continued the improving studies for several years, and before his majority
his chisel and proficiency obtained for him the execution of all the fine
work on mantles of the establishment of the Messrs. Baughman. When
twenty-three years of age he was made foreman of the establishment and gave
full satisfaction to his employers. In 1855 he left Baltimore for Italy to
prosecute the higher studies of his art with a full knowledge of practical
marble-working. He prosecuted his studies with great diligence at Florence,
where he went to reside, working with other young artists on trial for
wages. He returned to Baltimore in 1857, bringing with him two beautiful
basso-relievos in panel of “Night and Morning,” which were purchased by
Augustus J. Albert. He returned to Italy in 1858, and made his residence at
Rome, where he remained, with the exception of short trips to Baltimore,
until his death in 1874.
Probably the greatest event in the life of the young artist was the
unveiling of the Taney statue at Annapolis, Dee. 10, 1872. This heroic
statue of Chief Justice Roger B. Taney in bronze had been ordered by the
Legislature of Maryland, and was erected in front of the State-House. On
that occasion there were assembled in the Senate chamber the leading
representatives of the State in politics, at the bar, in literature and art,
to hear the addresses of S. Teackle Wallis and Governor William Pinkney
Whyte. Mr. Wallis alluded to the fact that the appropriation by the State
had not been sufficient compensation to the artist for such a work, and
recognized the liberality and public spirit of the artist in accepting and
executing the work notwithstanding. “The figure,” Mr. Wallis said, “had been
treated in the spirit of that noble and absolute simplicity which is the
type of the highest order of greatness, and is therefore its grandest,
though its most difficult, expression in art.” In 1872 the statue of Clytie,
which is Reinhart’s masterpiece in marble, was exhibited in Baltimore,
attracting the admiration of thousands of her people. It was purchased by
John W. McCoy, and placed in the Peabody Gallery of Art as a gift to the
citizens of Baltimore. Among the other works of this artist are the bronze
doors of the Capitol at Washington, begun by Crawford, and completed after
four years of labor by Reinhart; the statuettes on the clock of the House of
Representatives, as well as the statue on the fountain in the General
Post-office at Washington; Endymion, now owned by J.W. Garrett; Antigone,
owned by Mr. Hall, of New York; Hero, for A.J. Albert, of Baltimore ;
Leander, owned by Mr. Riggs, of Washington; the Woman of Samaria, for W.T.
Walters, of Baltimore; the bronze monumental figure at the tomb of Mrs. W.T.
Walters, in Greenmount Cemetery; and the “Sleeping Children,” in marble, in
the lot of Hugh Sisson, as well as many other works in Mount Auburn
Cemetery, Boston, Loudon Park Cemetery, Baltimore, and many busts of
citizens of Baltimore.
William H. Reinhart died in Rome on Wednesday, Oct. 28, 1874, in the
forty-eighth year of his age, having fully enabled his native State,
Maryland, “to give to the world” not only “some,” but many “enduring
mementoes of the age in one of the most admirable departments of human
genius.” By his will he attested further his great love for art; after amply
providing for relatives he directed that his executors, W.T. Walters and
B.F. Newcomer, of Baltimore, should apply the residue of his estate,
according to their best judgment, to the promotion of interest in and
cultivation of taste for art, by the following clause of his will:
“Third, Being desirous of aiding in the promotion of a more highly
cultivated taste for art among the people of my native State, and of
assisting young men in the study of the art of sculpture who may desire to
make it a profession, but having at the present time no definite plan in
view for the accomplishment of these objects, I give, devise, and bequeath
all the rest and residue of my estate, real, personal, and mixed, and
wheresoever situated, unto my two personal friends, William F. Walters and
Benjamin F. Newcomer, of the city of Baltimore, or the survivor of them, or
the heirs, executor, or administrator of such survivor, in trust and
confidence, with the injunction that the whole of said residue of my estate
or the proceeds thereof shall be devoted and appropriated by them, according
to their best judgment and discretion, to the promotion of the objects and
purposes named above; and if in the opinion of my said trustees this can be
best accomplished by any concert of action with the trustees of the Peabody
Institute, or by the establishment of a professorship in connection with the
Gallery of Art, which at some future time is to be provided for by that
corporation, or by the investment of any portion of the funds so held by
them in trust, and aiding from the income derived from such investments
deserving young men who are desirous of pursuing their studies abroad, but
are without the means of doing so, they, my said trustees, are at liberty to
adopt any or all or none of these methods, or to transfer the trust or the
estate so held by them in trust to any corporation which in their judgment
would best serve the purpose indicated.”
Willie T. Hoppe was the second son of Hannah and the late Jacob D. Hoppe, of
Carroll County. His life in some important features resembled that of
Chatterton, the boy-poet of England. At an age when most children realize
their highest pleasure in a game of marbles or hide-and-seek, his mind was
at work like the pistonrod of a steam-engine, grinding out tales,
editorials, and local histories in a ceaseless flow. His mental faculties
and energy far outstripped his weak and sickly body, and absolutely wore it
out before he arrived at man’s estate. His first essay in literature was as
the editor and publisher of an amateur journal entitled The Boys’ Rights,
which astounded the neighbors and friends of his family by the extraordinary
precocity exhibited in its contents. He subsequently conducted the Amphion
Journal and Cupid’s Messenger, and, as president of the Amateur Press
Association, still surprised his friends and the public not only by the
marvelous maturity of his intellect, but by a display of executive ability
which his years and experience did not appear to justify. In 1878 he entered
the office of Charles Poe, of Baltimore, as a law-student, but it soon
became painfully evident that while his mind was ripening and brightening
with study and training, his body was gradually wasting away before the
inroads of some insidious malady, and he died July 24, 1880, in the
twentieth year of his age. In his literary efforts and on his papers he was
frequently assisted by Miss Mary Shellman, a lady of rare literary
attainments, whose historical contributions to the press have earned for her
a merited reputation as a writer.
Dr. Washington Chew Van Bibber was born in Frederick, now Carroll, Co., Md.,
July 24, 1824. His family settled in that section very early in the history
of the State, and soon acquired influence and prominence. After a thorough
course of study at a number of colleges, Dr. Van Bibber entered the office
of Prof. Nathan R. Smith, of Baltimore, and matriculated at the University
of Maryland, from whence he graduated in 1845. After some years spent in the
South; where he had an opportunity to familiarize himself with the yellow
fever in all its phases,—that dread pest of Southern cities,—he returned to
Baltimore and began the practice of his profession. His practice rapidly
increased, and with it his reputation as a skillful and excellent physician,
and to-day he is fully the equal of any of the galaxy of physicians who have
made Baltimore famous as a centre of instruction in the healing art. As a
writer, Dr. Van Bibber deserves especial mention. Few have recently added
more to the literature of medicine. From 1856 to 1859 he was associate
editor of the Virginia Medical Journal, and from 1859 to 1861 he was
associate editor of the Maryland and Virginia Medical Journal, and he has
contributed t large number of papers to the various medical periodicals of
the day, replete with interest and valuable scientific information.
Thomas E. Van Bibber, a relative of Dr. Van Bibber, is a native of Carroll
County, but is now a resident of California. He early developed a taste for
literature, and many of his youthful efforts will compare favorably with
those of more pretentious poets and authors. He is best known by his poem,
“The Flight into Egypt,” a work exhibiting considerable power, a beautiful
fancy, and a true conception of the poet’s vocation. It was very favorably
received by American critics, and has stood the test of time remarkably
well. His many miscellaneous prose efforts have added to his reputation as a
cultured and popular writer.
For many years the meetings of the “Addison Reunion Association” constituted
a delightful feature of society in Westminster. The organization was
literary in character, and a number of the most cultivated and influential
citizens were members and contributors. The intention was to combine social
with literary recreation, and for a longer time than usually occurs to such
associations the effort was successful. The papers read before it took a
wide range, embracing poetry, history, art, science, and the various
branches of polite literature. In 1871, Dr. Charles Billingslea compiled
“The Addison Reunion Papers,” a neat volume of three hundred pages,
containing the choicest of the papers delivered before the society during
its existence, and embracing selections from the writings of Emma Alice
Browne, the poetess, and authoress of “Ariadne,” Rev. Josiah Varden, Rev.
James T. Ward, D.D., Mrs. Albert Billingslea, Rev. David Wilson, D.D., Dr.
Charles Billingslea, Isaac E. Pearson, Mrs. Carrie Brockett Anderson, Miss
Ada Billingslea, and Thomas E. Van Bibber. The “Addison Reunion Association”
gave its closing entertainment June 9, 1871, at the “Montour House,” a noted
hostelry, which derived its name from the famous Indian chief of that name
who flourished in colonial times.
The religious denominations of Carroll County recognizing the paramount
value of religious instruction through the instrumentality of
Sabbath-schools, and anxious to extend their influence and usefulness,
consulted together as to the best method of accomplishing this desirable
result. Their deliberations culminated in 1867 in a county Sabbath-school
association, to be composed of delegates from all the Protestant
denominations in the county. The second annual convention of the society was
held in the Lutheran church at Westminster, Sept. 8, 1868 Rev. J.T. Ward, of
the Methodist Protestant Church was called to the chair, and H.B. Grammer
appointed secretary. The districts were called, and the following delegates
enrolled: Finksburg, John H. Chew, D. Ebaugh, A. Geisley, R.A. Smith, Wm.
Cruise, Rev. W.T. Dunn; Hampstead, S. Ruby, Joseph Lippy; New Windsor,
Clinton Hanna, Wm. A. Norris, Isaac C. Baile, Rev. Mr. Scarborough;
Manchester, Rev. R. Weiser, Jacob Campbell, Edmund Gonder, D. Frankforter,
Jos. Shearer, H.B. Lippy, D.W. Danner, J.T. Myers, Misses F. Crumrine, S.
Trump, Ellen Trump, V.C. Weizer, Lizzie Earle; Myers, Jacob Wolfe, T.T.
Tagg, J. Bankard; Middleburg, Thos. Newman, Wm. H. Boust, John W. Angell,
Jacob Koons, A.E. Null, Albert Koons, John Feezer, Eli Hahn; Taneytown,
Peter Mark, G. Stover, J.T. Clay; Uniontown, Revs. P.A. Strobel, J.T. Ward,
J.T. Hedges, Van Meter, E.H. Smith, J. Monroe, W.C. Creamer, H.B. Grammer,
Wm. H. Cunningham, G.W. Cecil, F. Herr, M. Baughman, H.L. Norris, E. Koons,
R. Gorsuch, Josh Sellman. N. Pennington, J.N. Williams, Mrs. M.A. Wagner,
Mrs. M. Cunningham, Misses Sanford, Sue Cassell, Annie Ocker. The committee
appointed to select permanent officers reported the following nominations,
which were unanimously confirmed:
President, Hon. John E. Smith; Vice-Presidents, J.W. Angel!, David H.
Webster, ---- Debough, Jacob Campbell, Alfred Zollicoffer, A. McKinney, C.D.
Frieze, Joseph Ebaugh; Secretaries, H.B. Grammer and Wm. A. Baker.
The convention continued their interesting exercises until Thursday, June
10th, when they adjourned until their annual meeting in 1869.
The German Baptists sought the region embraced in Carroll County very soon
after its settlement by white people, conceiving it to be a favorable field
for their ministrations. Congregations have been established at Pipe Creek,
Meadow Branch, Sam’s Creek, New Windsor, Union Bridge, and Westminster. They
are all under the charge of an ordained elder, who has five or six
assistants. Philip Englar was the first elder in charge of whom there is any
record, and served in this position from 1780 to 1810, when he was succeeded
by David Englar, who had been his assistant for some years. The latter
served from 1810 to 1833, and was followed by Philip Boyle, who occupied the
position for thirty-five years, having been assisted by Michael Petry, Jesse
Royer, Jesse Roop, David Miller, Howard Hillery, Hanson Senseny, and Solomon
Stoner. Rev. Mr. Boyle was succeeded by Hanson Senseny as ordained elder. He
served in that capacity until 1880, and was assisted by Solomon Stoner, E.W.
Stoner, William Franklin, Amos Caylor, Joel Roop, and Uriah Bixley. The
denomination in the county numbers between four and five hundred members.
Pipe Creek congregation, the mother of all the other German Baptist
organizations in the county, and one of the oldest in Western Maryland, was
established prior to the year 1780, and worshiped in a log building which
stood at Pipe Creek. In 1806 their present church edifice was erected, since
when it has been used constantly by the congregation. The church was
repaired in 1866, having been enlarged and remodeled. It is now a plain
brick structure, thirty-five by seventy-one feet, with a seating capacity
for six hundred persons. The congregation numbers about one hundred members,
who are very active in the interests of their church.
Meadow Branch church is situated about two miles from Westminster, on the
plank road, and was erected in 1850. It is a stone structure, and was
originally built thirty-five by fifty-five feet in dimensions, but was
recently enlarged to the size of thirty-five by eighty feet. The
congregation numbers about ninety members.
Sam’s Creek German Baptist church was erected in 1860. It is situated on the
old Liberty road, about two miles from Naill’s Mill, up Saw’s Creek, in New
Windsor District. It is a frame building, very neat in appearance, about
thirty by forty feet in size, and capable of holding one hundred and fifty
people. About fifty members worship here.
New Windsor church was built and the congregation formed about the year
1873. It is a fine brick building, erected at a cost of sixteen hundred
dollars, and is conveniently located on Church Street, in the town of New
Windsor. The building in size is thirty by forty feet. About fifty members
constitute the congregation at the present time, which is steadily in
creasing.
Union Bridge church, a beautiful little edifice, was erected in the town of
Union Bridge in 1877. It is a brick building, situated on Broadway Street,
thirty by forty-five feet in size, and cost eighteen hundred dollars. The
seats are so arranged as to comfortably seat about four hundred persons.
Fifty members comprise the congregation.
Westminster church was purchased by the German Baptist denomination from the
Baptist Church in 1879, at a cost of two thousand two hundred dollars.
It has been several times attempted to divide the church in this county into
three congregations or charges, viz.: Pipe Creek, to be composed of Pipe
Creek and Union Bridge; Meadow Branch, to embrace Meadow Branch Church and
Westminster; and Sam’s Creek, composed of Sam’s Creek and New Windsor.
Although the efforts have thus far proved unsuccessful, doubtless this
division will occur sooner or later.
A short distance from the German Baptist church at Pipe Creek, and one and a
quarter miles from Uniontown, is the large German Baptist Cemetery, the
first grave in which was dug in the year 1825. Among the names of those
buried are the following:
Catharine Garber, died Dec. 30, 1847, aged 73 years, 10 months, 5 days.
Lydia A. Garber, died May 4, 1861, aged 38 years, 10 months, 10 days.
Johannes Garber, born April 4, 1769, died Oct. 4, 1839.
Christian Roop, Jr., died Aug. 14, 1825, aged 20 years, 9 months, 13 days.
Esther Roop, born Feb. 11, 1776, died July 2, 1850.
Christian Roop, born Nov. 4, 1764, in Lancaster County, Pa. He removed in
1784 to the precinct in which he died, March 15, 1855.
Abraham Roop, died Sept. 11, 1871, aged 74 years, 7 months, 12 days; Lydia,
his wife, died Oct. 6, 1858, aged 56 years, 6 months, 10 days.
Isaac Slingluff, born Aug. 5, 1807, died April 30, 1852.
Elizabeth Foutz, died July 1,1860, aged 67 years, 11 months, 12 days.
John Stoner, born Feb. 21, 1796, died March 14, 1874.
Mary Stoner, died May 19, 1853, aged 57 years, 11 months, 1 day.
Sarah, wife of John Stoner, died June 6, 1835, aged 38.
Betsey, wife of William Warner, died Nov. 15, 1830, aged 58.
Ann, wife of Otho Warner, died Oct. 1, 1836, aged 42 years, 6 months, 22
days.
Joseph Roop, Sr., died May 3, 1829, aged 69 years, 9 months, 6 days; Mary
Roop, his wife, born Feb. 15, 1767, died July 25, 1853.
Margaret Snader, born Aug. 7, 1794, died Aug. 27, 1877.
Mary Snader, died Feb. 4, 1835, aged 65.
Jacob Snader, died Dec. 2, 1847, aged 85 years, 3 months, 13 days.
Michael Garber, died Jan. 4, 1847, aged 53 years, 7 days.
Hetty Garber, born Feb. 5, 1778, died March 2, 1857.
Samuel Bare, born March 29, 1793, died Jan. 22, 1845.
Jacob Rhodes, died July 26, 1 846, aged 77 years, 7 months, 9 days.
Sarah Rhodes, born Oct. 15, 1763, died Jan. 8, 1854.
Lydia Bare, died Aug. 16, 1858, aged 59 years, 11 months, 13 days.
Daniel Harman, born Jan. 1, 1821, died Aug. 20, 1862.
William Plaine, died May 4, 1847, aged 65 years, 8 months, 7 days; and
Margaret, his wife, Jan. 15, 1849, aged 65 years, 4 months, 20 days.
Daniel Plaine, born June 19, 1783, died July 2, 1872; and Penelope, his
wife, Aug. 24, 1853, aged 76 years, 4 months, 17 days.
Catharine Wantz, died Aug. 14, 1866, aged 51 years, 6 months, 20 days.
Philip Boyle, died Aug. 15, 1872, aged 65 years, 6 months, 4 days; Rachel,
his wife, and daughter of Jacob and C. Zimmerman, died Sept. 15, 1859, aged
74 years 10 days.
William H. Shriner, died Feb. 14, 1856, aged 32 years, 3 months, 16 days.
John P. Shriner, died April 18, 1849, aged 32 years, 1 months, 3 days.
Eliza, wife of Joseph Stouffer, died June 20, 1855, aged 48.
Jacob Roop, born Sept. 4, 1785, died Jan. 19, 1860; Sarah, his wife, died
June 20, 1866, aged 79 years, 2 months, 22 days.
Jacob Shriner, died Dec. 28, 1866, aged 76 years, 16 days; Elizabeth, his
wife, died Feb. 1, 1881, aged 85 years, 4 months, 11 days.
Isaac W. Shriner, born Dec. 13, 1818, died Dec. 3, 1872; Rachel Ann, his
wife, died Aug. 2, 1875, aged 55 years, 11 months, 23 days.
Benjamin Bond, died Sept. 12, 1863, aged 72.
Matilda Bond, died Dec. 17, 1800, aged 58 years, 11 months.
Joseph Englar, died July 4, 1872, aged 72 years, 4 months; Susannah, his
wife, died May 20, 1861, aged 59 years, 3 months, 10 days.
Elizabeth, consort of John Englar, died Feb. 2, 1S79, aged 54 years, 2
months, 6 days.
Tobias Cover, died March 26, 1865, aged 65; Elizabeth, his wife, died Feb.
14, 1869, aged 69.
David Gilbert, born Nov. 22, 1798, died Sept. 5, 1865.
William Ecker, born Aug. 10, 1809, died Oct. 7, 1865; Mary A., his wife,
born Sept. 6, 1813, died Oct. 2, 1869.
Mary A., wife of William Bloxsten, born Nov. 11, 1804, died Sept. 5, 1879.
William Bloxsten, born Sept. 2, 1802, died March 11, 1876.
Henry Riael, died Dec. 4, 1867, aged 85; Mary, his wife, died July 10, 1869,
aged 75.
Eliza A., wife of Thomas A. Franklin, born April 15, 1812, died April 3,
1876.
Ezra Stoner, born July 19, 1830, died June 4, 1867.
Elizabeth, wife of William Gilbert, died March 22, 1870, aged 49 years, 7
months, 1 day.
Josiah Englar, died Oct. 25,1878, aged 69 years, 7 months, 1 day.
Elizabeth, wife of Daniel S. Diehl, died Aug. 6,1879, aged 40 years, 4
months, 6 days.
Lucretia, wife of Levi N. Snader, died June 13, 1876, aged 49 years, 1
month, 16 days.
Nathan Crumbacker, born Aug. 27, 1811, died Aug. 31, 1880.
David Crumbacker, born Aug. 12, 1808, died Feb. 5, 1881.
Ezra O. Englar, born Aug. 10, 1845, died Oct. 31, 1879.
Robert M. Jenkins, born May 12, 1811, died April 19, 1879.
William Segafoose, died Aug. 29, 1876, aged 69 years, 9 months, 22 days.
David Engel, of D., born Jan. 13, 1784, March 31, 1854.
David Engel, born Oct. 23, 1754, died July, 1802; Elizabeth Engel, his wife,
died Oct. 2, 1841, aged 90 years, 10 months, 2 days.
Elizabeth, wife of Jacob Stem, died Sept. 19, 1836, aged 32 years, 2 days.
Hannah Ecker, died May 13, 1862, aged 71 years, 1 month, 4 days.
Elizabeth, daughter of P. and H. Myers, died Dec. 16, 1845, aged 20 years,
11 months, 23 days.
Daniel Engel, died Jan. 16, 1874, aged 76 years; Thiriza A., his wife, died
July 14, 1878, aged 64 years, 8 months, 22 days.
Eleanor M., wife of George Ebb, born Oct. 28, 1820, died Jan. 6, 1873.
Anna M., consort of Daniel Engel, died March 12, 1859, aged 53 years, 4
months, 27 days.
William Hoffman, died March 7, 1838, aged 60 years.
Peter Engel, died April 5, 1833, aged 53 years, 5 months, 17 days; Hannah,
his wife, died Feb. 8, 1867, aged 84 years, 10 months, 25 days.
John Engel, born Sept. 13, 1785, died June 21, 1870; Nancy, his wife, died
May 11, 1871, aged 71 years, 8 months, 18 days.
Jacob Smith, died Feb. 24, 1869, aged 87 years, 5 months, 2 days.
Jacob Highmiller, of Company F, Seventh Regiment Maryland Volunteer
Infantry, born Jan. 11, 1839, “died in the service of his country,” Jan. 30,
1864.
Daves Lightner, died Sept. 14, 1867, aged 67 years, 10 months, 2 days.
Joseph Roop, born July 24, 1810, died Oct. 3, 1877. Mary, wife of Daniel
Petry, died June 16, 1865, aged 63 years, 1 month.
Jacob Erb, died April 1, 1862, aged 65 years, 3 months, 13 days.
Nathan W. Stem, died Dec. 29, 1862, aged 46 years, 4 months, 6 days; Eliza,
his wife, died Dec. 18, 1854, aged 38.
John Roop, died March 14, 1872, aged 76 years, 5 months, 8 days.
Upton Stoner, born March 24, 1796, died May 30, 1876. Joseph Myers, born
July 7, 1801, died April 8, 1880; Elizabeth, his wife, born Feb. 14, 1801,
died Nov. 1, 1864.
Mary Roop, died Nov. 10, 1847, aged 49 years, 6 months, 27 days.
Conrad Englar, born Oct. 13, 1804, died Sept. 3, 1842.
Margaret Brown, born Sept. 1, 1800, died May 2, 1862.
Mary Englar, died Jan. 1, 1854, aged 81 years, 8 months, 22 days.
Abraham Englar, died March 13, 1879, aged 67 years, 7 months, 12 days.
Jacob Diehl, died Dec. 28, 1848, aged 49 years, 6 months, 5 days.
Rachel Warner, died Dec. 11, 1853, aged 47 years, 8 months, 10 days.
Samuel Leaming, died May 25, 1837, aged 48 years, 9 months, 14 days.
Alfred F. Mering, born Dec. 6, 1835, died Feb. 21, 1879.
Lewis G. Lindsay, died Nov. 9, 1879, aged 65 years, 7 months, 25 days.
Deborah Weaver, died Dec. 25, 1871, aged 76 years, 9 months, 22 days.
John K. Weaver, died Dec. 13, 1878, aged 88 years, 26 days.
Joseph Weaver, born Sept. 16, 1779, died Oct. 14, 1866.
John Weaver, born 1753, died 1823.
Susannah Weaver, born 1753, died 1833.
Samuel Weaver, born May 25, 1786, died May 21, 1863.
Elizabeth Weaver, born Oct. 14, 1803, died June 15, 1856.
Philip Weaver, died Jan. 10, 1873, aged 74.
Ann Weaver, born June 24, 1827, died Aug. 23, 1837.
Susie Weaver, born Oct. 10, 1844, died July 19, 1866.
McKendrie Weaver, died May 29, 1870, aged 22 years, 10 months.
Jesse Weaver. died July 24, 1878, aged 48 years, 11 months, 7 days.
Frederick Englar, born May 10, 1811, died Nov. 17, 1878.
Ann, consort of M. Smith, died Feb. 21, 1849, aged 37 years, 7 months, 10
days.
Catharine, wife of Jacob Zimmerman, died May 30, 1827, aged 63 years, 5
months, 19 days.
Jacob Zimmerman, died Sept. 30, 1834, aged 28 years, 4 months, 5 days.
David Johnson, born Oct. 19, 1800, died April 20, 1879; Susanna, his wife,
died Jan. 21, 1861, aged 64 years, 9 months, 22 days.
Anna, wife of William Zimmerman, and only daughter of William and Anna
Shirk, born Nov. 17, 1834, died Nov. 17, 1869.
Catharine Martin, died Nov. 5, 1864, aged 91.
John Hess, died Oct. 5, 1861, aged 76; Mary, his wife, died April 24, 1865,
aged 67 years, 8 months, 25 days.
Jacob Bower, born Nov. 19, 1761, died April 11, 1825.
Margaret Bower, died March 25, 1835, aged 59 years, 4 months, 14 days.
Catharine, wife of J.P. Haines, and daughter of Christopher and S. Johnson,
died Jan. 30, 1871, aged 77 years, 4 months, 26 days.
Jacob Switzer, died June 20, 1854, aged 84 years, 3 months, 13 days;
Susanna, his first wife, died Nov. 25, 1827, aged 52 years, 6 months, 19
days; Elizabeth, his second wife, died Jan. 1, 1865, aged 76 years, 4
months, 19 days.
Samuel Switzer, died March 1, 1829, aged 27 years, 7 months, 24 days.
Esther, wife of Jos. Bower, died Oct. 31, 1834, aged 40 years, 3 months, 28
days.
Barbara, wife of John Hess, died Feb. 11, 1829, aged 46 years, 1 month, 26
days.
George Urner, died Oct. 7, 1830, aged 25 years, 8 months, 19 days.
Margaret Walter, born Dec. 29, 1780, died Oct. 4, 1876, aged 95 years, 5
months, 9 days.
Elizabeth Urner, died Oct. 8, 1828, aged 28 years, 9 months, 15 days.
Jonathan Plume, died April 27, 1835, aged 48 years, 6 months, 26 days;
Lydia, his wife, died Oct. 3, 1866, aged 85 years, 1 month, 14 days.
George Harris, Sr., died April 14, 1838, aged 40 years, 5 mouths, 17 days.
Margaret Harris, died July 24, 1870, aged 78.
Samuel Plaine, born Dec. 10, 1778, died Oct. 5, 1865.
Catharine, wife of David Plaine, died 26th of 9th mo., 1826, aged 76.
Elizabeth Nusbaum, died April 17, 1851, aged 85 years, 8 months.
John Nusbaum, died Aug. 8, 1825, aged 70.
Isaac Hiltabidle, died Sept. 4, 1827, aged 27 years, 3 months, 12 days; Mary
Ann, his wife, died Sept. 19, 1845, aged 44 years, 10 days.
Joseph Englar, died Feb. 23, 1845, aged 64 years, 8 months, 25 days; Esther,
his wife, died June 21, 1867, aged 82 years, 9 months, 9 days.
David Englar, died Aug. 9, 1839, aged 66 years, 6 months; Elizabeth, his
wife, died Nov. 12, 1849, aged 72 years, 4 months, 22 days.
Deborah, wife of Henry Cover, died Feb. 2, 1858, aged 74 years, 9 months, 25
days.
Henry Cover, died Nov. 20, 1857, aged 76 years, 4 months, 20 days.
Deborah, wife of Joseph McKinstry, died Dec. 14, 1845, aged 32 years, 18
days.
Elizabeth Stoner, died Oct. 24, 1851, aged 85 years, 11 days.
Margaret Stoner, died April 19, 1849, aged 17 years, 2 months, 17 days.
Margaret Crumback, died Aug. 11, 1844, aged 67.
Hannah Nicodemus, died Aug. 10, 1852, aged 48 years, 3 months, 26 days.
Philip Englar, born May 13, 1778, died Dec. 19, 1852.
Hannah Englar, born Nov. 22, 1799, died Jan. 20, 1873.
John Stoner, died Sept. 2, 1852, aged 64 years, 1 month, 10 days.
Samuel Boightel, died Dec. 13, 1846, aged 43 years, 11 months, 8 days.
Ephraim Englar, born June 4, 1806, died Nov. 8, 1857; Agnes, his relict, and
wife of Jos. Stouffer, died Jan. 19, 1863, aged 52 years, 9 months, 14 days.
Samuel Johnson, born June 15, 1804, died March 13, 1869.
Jacob Plowman, born Feb. 4, 1816, died Feb. 7, 1870.
Rufus K. Bowers, born Feb. 1, 1830, died April 30, 1875.
Samuel Hoffman, died June 19, 1874, aged 53 years, 9 months, 13 days.
Daniel Ogle, born Aug. 16, 1805, died Dec. 8, 1865.
Philip Snader, born Jan. 2, 1802, died Feb. 4, 1864, aged 62 years, 1 month,
2 days.
David W. Snader, died April 4, 1877, aged 47 years, 4 months, 10 days;
Sophia, his wife, died April 7, 1875, aged 42 years, 3 months, 14 days.
Abraham Wolfe, born Dec. 21, 1782, died Oct. 22, 1863; Sarah, his wife, born
Oct. 24, 1786, died July 11, 1880.
Israel Rinehart, born June 25, 1792, died Nov. 21, 1871; Mary, his wife,
died Dec. 15, 1865, aged 68 years, 1 month, 26 days.
John M. Wolfe, died March 15, 1876, aged 54.
Mary A., wife of Hiram Davis, died Oct. 9, 1878, aged 58 years, 7 months, 5
days.
Joseph Foutz, born Oct. 5, 1793, died Jan. 13, 1878; Margaret, his wife,
born July 10, 1801, died May 26, 1869.
Mary A., wife of Richard B. Foutz, died Sept. 8, 1857, aged 55.
Maria Naill, wife of Jacob Snader, born Sept. 26, 1806, died Dec. 21, 1875.
Martha A., wife of J.T. Devilbiss, died Jan. 26, 1875, aged 34 years, 9
months, 19 days.
Eve E., wife of Jacob Souble, died Aug. 1, 1877, aged 70 years, 25 days.
Louisa, wife of Asa Zent, died Aug. 21, 1877, aged 77 years, 2 months, 21
days.
Hannah Little, born Nay 20, 1804, died Oct. 10, 1877.
Jacob Harman, died Aug. 13, 1871, aged 76 years, 2 months, 18 days; Mary,
his wife, died June 28, 1875, aged 80 years, 11 months, 19 days.
Hannah, wife of John Warehime, born April 11, 1801, died March 2, 1873.
Peter Utz, born Sept. 4, 1796, died July 27, 1878.
Jacob Rider, died May 31, 1871, aged 58 years, 6 months, 5 days.
George Hess, died Dec. 20, 1863, aged 80 years, 5 days.
Susanna Hess, died Feb, 24, 1S70, aged 88 years, 5 days.
George Kelly, born Dec. 21, 1834, died Sept. 24, 1874; Sarah, his wife, died
April 24, 1868, aged 37 years, 1 month, 1 day.
John Banker, born Feb. 4, 1790, died Aug. 23, 1870.
Catharine Banker, born Dec. 8, 1793, died Feb. 20, 1873.
Mary, wife of S. Hamilton Shouser, born Jan. 30, 1828, died Dec. 4, 1869.
David S. Golly, died Dec. 27, 1863, aged 50 years, 7 months, 4 days.
Eliza Golly, died Aug. 6, 1878, aged 67 years, 6 months, 28 days.
Samuel Bower, died January, 1867, aged 60 years, 5 months, 13 days; Nancy
Ann, his wife, died April 22, 1866, aged 54 ears, 6 months, 8 days.
Ephraim Powell, died March 2, 1872, aged 52.
Peter M. Calwith, died June 10, 1860, aged 74 years, 5 months.
Rachel Calwith, died Feb. 26, 1860, aged 35 years, 5 months, 6 days.
Washington Wilson, born Jan. 12, 1815, died Jan. 17, 1856.
John M. Romspert, born May 7, 1838, and “was instantly killed while on duty
by the explosion of No. 4 engine on W.M.R.R.,” Oct. 24, 1876.
Ulrick Messler, born June 30, 1811, died March 9, 1870.
Martha Messler, died Dec. 27, 1558, aged 40.
Julia Ann Shriver, died Oct. 29, 1861, aged 48 years, 5 months, 18 days.
Martin Billweyer, born March 23, 1719, died Sept. 3, 1856.
Salome, relict of Jacob Yon, born Dec. 10, 1769, died Nov. 22, 1855.
Hannah Yon, born April 3, 1793, died Oct. 11, 1868.
Samuel Meyers, died Sept. 11, 1856, aged 35 years, 5 months, 7 days; Eliza
C., his wife, died Dec. 30, 1875, aged 68 years, 6 months, 3 days.
Stephen Bower, died March 12, 1856, aged 76 years, 7 months.
Mary Bower, died Feb. 5, 1855, aged 71 years, 10 months.
John Rheam, died June 25, 1853, aged 67 years, 6 months, 18 days.
Elizabeth Rheam, died Jan. 12, 1871, aged 81 years, 8 months.
Eliza, consort of Abraham Myers, born Dec. 12, 1801, died Nov. 21, 1855.
Anna Myers, died March 6, 1817, aged 78 years, 6 months, 6 days.
Jacob Myers, died April 25, 1876, aged 69 years, 8 months, 15 days; Lydia,
his wife, died Sept. 5, 1866, aged. 49 years, 1 month, 13 days.
John Englar, born March 11, 1312, died July 29, 1860.
Daniel Englar, died June 12, 1840, aged 63.
Mary A. Englar, died Oct. 6, 1867, aged 50 years, 4 months, 27 days.
David Englar, died Jan. 21, 1841, aged 64 years, 6 months.
Ann Singer, born July 31, 1811, died Oct. 28, 1870; Jacob, her husband, born
April 9, 1813, died Feb. 27, 1877.
Magdalena Sherbig, died July 23, 1825, aged 87 years, 10 days.
Jacob Cowell, died March 23, 1811, aged 84 years, S months, 27 days.
Elizabeth Cowell, died Oct. 17, 1849, aged 74 years, 2 months, 18 days.
G.M. Jordan, died Aug. 20, 1841, aged 84 years, 5 months, 27 days.
Anna M. Jordan, born March 19, 1758, died July 17, 1825.
Abraham Caylor, died May 25, 1857, aged 64 years, 5 months; Anna, his wife,
died Match 24, 1841, aged 113 years, 9 months, 5 days.
Dorothy Wildermute, born Jan. 10, 1780, died Sept. 9, 1823.
“M.R.,” died 1827.
Henry Fulkerth, died July 2, 1848, aged 84.
Margaret Fulkerth, died Dec. 21, 1837, aged 69 years, 6 months.
Ebenezer Carlyle, died July 27, 1840, aged 66 years, 1 month Margaret, his
wife, died April 26, 1839, aged 53 years, 9 months, 18 days.
Anna Carlyle, died Aug. 1, 1880, aged 63 years, 3 months, 23 days.
Rachel O’Brien, died Dec. 25, 1870, aged 70.
Sarah Boman, died July 7, 1857, aged 71.
Jacob Zimmerman, born Dec. 30, 1787, died Feb. 5, 1859.
Peter Little, died Dec. 11, 1839, aged 37 years, 3 months, 15 days.
Sophia. Little, died March 11, 1852, aged 50.
John Moore, died Aug. 1, 1860, aged 86 years, 5 months, 19 days.
Rachel Smith, died July 28, 1840, aged 32 years, 1 month, 24 days.
Barbara Keim, born Sept. 15, 1786, died Aug. 30, 1852.
Jacob Keime, died March 10, 1849, aged 50.
Priscilla, wife of William Stoner, died March 25, 1864. aged 38 years, 4
months, 10 days.
Henry Row, born Dec. 10, 1812, died Dec. 10, 1871.
George Row, died May 5, 1857, aged 54 years, 7 months, 10 days Margaret, his
wife, born Aug. 1, 1793, died Feb. 11, 1870.
Carroll County was not altogether free from the vicissitudes which
characterized the war between the North and the South. At the beginning of
the unfortunate struggle there was the same diversity of sentiment which
existed in the other counties of Maryland, but those who favored the South
were far inferior in numbers to the supporters of the Union. The young men
volunteered freely in defense of their opinions, and it is estimated that
the Federal army was supplied with eight hundred recruits from this section,
while two hundred enthusiastic young men of Southern sympathies made their
way through the Union lines into the camps of the Southern army. The
contingents of Carroll in both armies fully maintained the character of her
people for gallantry and true manhood. In June, 1863, the soil of Carroll
echoed the tread of large bodies of armed men from both armies. A portion of
the cavalry force belonging to the army of Northern Virginia passed through
Westminster on its way to Gettysburg, and encountered a battalion of
cavalry, which it dispersed or captured after a slight skirmish. The troops
rested in the city during the night and proceeded on their way with the
dawn. They had scarcely emerged from the city when the Sixth Corps of the
Army of the Potomac entered from the opposite side. Much excitement
prevailed among the citizens, who had seen but little of either army, but
their fears were groundless, as both detachments behaved with exemplary
courtesy and evidenced thorough discipline. For some days the transportation
wagons of the Union army were parked around the town and the streets
presented an animated appearance, but they were moved to the front prior to
the battle of Gettysburg. The booming of the cannon on that fatal field was
heard with conflicting emotions by the friends of the combatants, and as the
echoes died away the town relapsed into its wonted quiet. It was roused
again in the succeeding year for a brief period by a raid of the Confederate
forces under Gen. Bradley T. Johnson and Maj. Harry Gilmor, but as they had
learned by experience that the presence of troops was not such a serious
infliction as their fears had painted, the short visit of the Confederates
was made rather an occasion of rejoicing than sorrow.
The ex-Federal soldiers from Carroll County met in Westminster, March 13,
1880, and formed a post of the Grand Army of the Republic, to be known as
Burns’ Post, after W.H. Burns, of the Sixth Maryland Regiment. Col. William
A. McKellip was elected Commander, Capt. A. Billingslea, Senior
Vice-Commander; Capt. Charles Kuhns, Junior Vice-Commander; Dr. William H.
Rippard, Surgeon; Lee McElroy, Quartermaster; Sylvester Mathias, Adjutant;
and John Matthews, Chaplain. The officers were installed March 7th by
department commander Gen. William Ross and staff, of Baltimore.
The Carroll County Agricultural Society was incorporated March 8, 1869, by
John E. Smith, Jeremiah Rinehart, William A. McKellip, Richard Manning,
David Fowble, Hashabiah Haines, George W. Matthews, and John L. Reifsnider.
The object of the association was “to improve agriculture by attracting the
attention, eliciting the views, and combining the efforts of the individuals
composing the agricultural community of Carroll County, and aiming at the
development of the resources of the soil so as to promote the prosperity of
all concerned in its culture.” Grounds containing thirty acres of land were
purchased on the Baltimore turnpike at the east end of Westminster, just
outside of the corporation limits. They were inclosed with a substantial
fence, and stabling was erected for the accommodation of five hundred head
of stock. A race-track, half a mile in length, was made from a diagram
furnished by George W. Wilkes, of the Spirit of the Times, and all the
necessary preparations completed for the annual exhibitions of the
association. The constitution of the society requires the members to meet
three times a year, and Article III. of that instrument defines the aims of
the association to be, in addition to others, “to procure and improve the
implements of husbandry; to improve the breed of domestic animals . . . .
“The first officers of the society were John E. Smith, president; Jeremiah
Rinehart, vice-president; William A. McKellip, secretary; Richard Manning,
treasurer; David Fowble, George W. Matthews, Edward Lynch, Hashabiah flames,
and John F. Reifsnider, directors. At a meeting of the board of directors in
1869, the following committees were appointed to solicit subscriptions to
the capital stock of the society:
District No. 1, Samuel Swope, Jno. McKellip, Samuel Smith No. 2, Reuben
Saylor, Thomas F. Shepherd, Jeremiah Rinehart; No. 3, H. Wirt Shriver, Geo.
W. Shull, Samuel Cover; No. 4, James Lee, Jeremiah Babylon, P.A. Gorsuch;
No. 5, S.T.C. Brown, David Prugh, J. Oliver Wadlow; No. 6, George A. Shower,
Edwin J. Crumrine, P.H.L. Meyers; No. 7, Wm. A. McKellip, Richard Manning,
Hashabiah Haines, Augustus Shriver; No. 5, David W. Houck, Wm. Houck, John
W. Murray; No. 9, Dr. F.J. Crawford, Col. J.C. Gist, Robert D. Gorsuch; No.
10, Geo. Harris, Joseph Davis, John Winemiller; No. 11, L.P. Slingluff, Wm.
A. Norris, Sol. S. Ecker, Jos. A Stouffer.
Preparations having all been completed, and the society having fully
realized their anticipations of support from the people of the county, on
the 3d of July, 1869, the grounds of the association were opened with much
ceremony and with a fine exhibition, which embraced the varied productions
of the county and admirable specimens of improved stock and horses. A grand
tournament attracted a large concourse of people, after which some
interesting trotting races took place. Among the cattle exhibited were
beautiful selections from Durham, Devon, Ayrshire, and Alderney breeds. The
exhibition of horses was worthy of careful inspection, the large majority of
the animals having been raised by the enterprising farmers of Carroll
County.
The following is a list of the officers of the society during each year,
including 1881:
1870.—President, John E. Smith; Vice-President, Jeremiah Rinehart;
Secretary, Wm. A. McKellip; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, David
Fowble, Edward Lynch, H. Haines, W.G. Rinehart, Joseph H. Hoppe.
1871.—President, Augustus Shriver; Vice-President, Jeremiah Rinehart;
Secretary, Wm. A. McKellip; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, Edward
Lynch, David H. Byers, Geo. W. Matthews, David Fowble, Josephus H. Hoppe.
1872.—President, Augustus Shriver; Vice-President, Jeremiah Rinehart;
Secretary, Wm. A. McKellip; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, David
Fowble, Edward Lynch, H.E. Morelock, Joseph Shaeffer, Louis P. Slingluff.
1873.—President, Granville S. Haines; Vice-President, Jeremiah Rinehart;
Secretary, Wm. A. McKellip; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, Edward
Lynch, David Fowble, Joseph Shaeffer, Dr. C. Billingslea, Noah Shaeffer,
E.O. Grimes, Louis P. Slingluff, Lewis H. Cole.
1874.—President, Granville S. Haines; Vice-President, George W. Matthews;
Secretary, C.V. Wantz; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, F.H.
Orendorff, H.E. Morelock, Joseph Hibberd, Thomas F. Shepherd, E.J. Crumrine.
1875.—President, Granville S. Haines; Vice-President, Joseph Shaeffer;
Secretary, C.V. Wantz; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, H.H. Morelock,
F.H. Orendorff, David Fowble, Thos. F. Shepherd, Samuel Roop.
1876.—President, Jeremiah Rinehart; Vice-President, Noah Shaeffer;
Secretary, George W. Matthews; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, David
H. Byers, Samuel Lawyer, Henry B. Albaugh, John Sellman, David Stoner.
1877.—President, Col. William A. McKellip; Vice-President, David Fowble;
Secretary, G.W. Matthews; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors, Dr. Jacob
Rinehart, Granville S. Haines, L.P. Slingluff, Edward Lynch, Orlando Reese.
1878.—(Same board.)
1879.—Same board, save Francis H. Orendorff, secretary, vice G.W. Matthews.
1880.—Same board; Assistant Secretary, Frank W. Shriver; Chief Marshal,
Joseph W. Berret; Assistant Marshals, Robert M. Hewitt, Wesley A. Steele, G.
Edwin Hoppe, William N. Sellman; Committee on Grounds and Side Shows, David
Fowble, Granville S. Haines, Edward Lynch Superintendents of Departments,
Henry E. Morelock, Wm. J. Morelock, D.H. Byers, Thomas B. Gist, Elias
Yingling, Charles N. Kuhn, Francis Sharrer, Lee McElroy, W.G. Rinehart;
Vice-Presidents, Dr. Samuel Swope, Frank Brown, J.C. Brubaker, A.G. Houck,
Emanuel Myers, Geo. W. Manro, P.H.L. Myers, John W. Murray, Solomon
Shepherd, Lewis Dielman, Benj. Poole, David Rinehart; Committee of
Reception, Hon. Charles B. Roberts, Hon. John E. Smith, Henry Galt, Thomas
F. Shepherd, Samuel Cover, John H. Chew, E.J. Crumrine, R.D. Gorsuch, L.A.J.
Lamotte, A. Augustus Roop, J.H. Steele, E.H. Clabaugh. The fair this year
was held September 28th to October 1st, and in the trials for speed there
were six trots, in which $775 were given as awards.
1881.—President, Col. William A. McKellip; Vice-President, David Fowble;
Secretary, Francis H. Orendorff; Treasurer, Richard Manning; Directors,
Edward Lynch, Dr. Jacob Rinehart, Jeremiah Rinehart, John B. Boyle, William
J. Morelock.
The Agricultural Hall, for the productions requiring shelter, is eighty-five
by forty feet, and two stories high. The pavilion seats over two thousand
persons, and a music-stand, octagonal in form, is erected in the centre of
the track. This society has a capital of nearly thirty thousand dollars
invested in its properties. The quality of horses, cattle, hogs, sheep, and
mules in the county, as annually exhibited, is superb, and makes a good
return in profits to the growers and owners. It is universally admitted that
the generous rivalry in their exhibitions has stimulated the farmers to more
active exertions, and the machinists have been aroused to the necessity of
producing implements of superior quality.
As has been before observed in these pages, the inhabitants of Carroll
County have always been a peaceful and law-abiding people. The records of
the court have seldom been defaced by the more heinous offenses which
sometimes mar the moral symmetry of other communities. There have been but
two executions in the county since its creation in 1837. Rebecca McCormick,
a colored woman, was tried at the April term of the Circuit Court for 1859
for the murder of a colored boy, fourteen years of age. She was convicted of
murder in the first degree and executed in the month of June following.
On the 5th of April, 1872, Abraham L. Lynn, a miller near Lynwood Station,
was found dead in his grain-bin with his skull fractured in several places.
It was at first supposed that he had accidentally fallen into the bin, but
the suspicious movements of a young man named Joseph W. Davis, employed in
the mill, attracted attention, and he was arrested and charged with the
murder. Hamilton Shue, a shoemaker in the village, was also arrested as an
accomplice. The trial of Davis before the Circuit Court of Carroll County,
in June, 1872, resulted in a disagreement of the jury. His case was then
removed to Washington County, where he was tried in September, 1872, and
convicted of murder in the first degree. There succeeded a series of delays
almost unexampled in the history of jurisprudence. The evidence was entirely
circumstantial, and his counsel, Col. Maulsby and J.A.C. Bond, believed
implicitly in his innocence.
The case was taken on a bill of exceptions to the Court of Appeals, and the
decision of the lower court affirmed. Subsequently, in deference to the
appeals of counsel, the case was reopened by the highest court in the State
and reargued, with the same result as before. An appeal was now made to the
Governor for pardon, and the case elaborately argued before him, but he
declined to interfere. Again, on the supposed discovery of new evidence, it
was argued before the Governor with a like result. Some mistakes were then
discovered in the court papers, and a writ of error was sued out by the
counsel of Davis, which was heard by the Court of Appeals, and decided
adversely to Davis. As a last resort an application for interference was
made to the Legislature, which was then in session, but while the
proceedings were pending before this body Davis made a full confession,
acknowledging his guilt and exonerating Shue, who had already been
acquitted. Davis was executed in the jail-yard at Westminster, Feb. 6, 1874.
A fearful storm of wind and snow prevailed during the day, but the case had
become so generally known through the extraordinary efforts of counsel in
his behalf, that thousands of people were drawn thither to witness the last
act in the tragedy. He broke down utterly at the last, and had to be borne
up the steps of the gallows. His confession was sold to the spectators while
he was delivering his farewell to the populace, and appeared the next day in
the morning papers.
The financial exhibit of Carroll County for the year ending June 30, 1881,
was very gratifying to the taxpayers. There was a reduction of $10,641.61 in
the public debt over the previous year, and an increase of $5172.41 in
assets, making a general improvement of $15,787.02. The liabilities over
assets were $12,532.82, which was about the actual debt of the county. The
tax levied was fifty cents on a hundred dollars, the lowest in the State.
The expenses of the Circuit Court for August and November, 1880, and for
February and May, 1881, were $8303.46; for sundry attorneys, $121.33; for
the Orphans’ Court, $1573.81; for county commissioners, $1868.50; for county
jail, $2390.59; for public schools, $21,000; for registers of voters, $825
for collection of taxes, $2635; for justices of the peace, $457.68; for
constables, $464.79; for public printing, $722.83; for taxes refunded,
$1410; for State witnesses, $41.58; for laying out and opening public roads,
$109; for inquests, $166.94; for sundry minor expenses, $970.55; for county
roads, small bridges, and culverts, $9369.90; for bridges, $3732.88; for
county indebtedness, $14,230.31; for judges and clerks of election, $286;
for out-door pensioners, $2803; for special pensions by order, $619.60; for
miscellaneous accounts, $2364.36; for the almshouse, $3822.70. The
liabilities of the county on June 30, 1881, were given by Joseph A. Waesche,
the treasurer, as follows: County certificates outstanding, $47,495; note
due Union National Bank, $5000; Daniel Bush estate, $1200; George W.
Armacort, $400; total, $54,095. The amount of liabilities June 30, 1880,
$64,709.61. The assets were stated as follows: Outstanding taxes in hands of
collectors for former years, $38,230.71; cash in bank, $2396.97 due from
Baltimore City and Allegany County, $935.50; total, $41,563,18. Amount of
assets July 30, 1880, $36,390.77. The commissioners were John K. Longwell,
president; Francis Warner, William C. Polk.
The following statistics in regard to Carroll County are furnished from the
census bureau: Total value of real estate assessed for the year ended June
30, 1880, $11,215,334; personal property, $5,030,142; aggregate value of
real and personal property assessed, $16,245,476. Receipts from taxes for
all purposes except schools, $90,687.65; for school purposes, $37,245.47 ;
total receipts from State taxes for all purposes except schools,’
$14,214.79; total receipts from State taxes (or apportionment) for schools,
$16,245.47. Expenditures for schools, $37,245.47; State roads or bridges,
$11,996.71 ; poor, $7590; all other purposes, $24,337.95. Total, $81,170.13.
The bonded indebtedness is based on the issue of bonds bearing 6 per cent.
interest in 1864 and 1865, as bounties for volunteer soldiers, which matured
in 1866 and 1867. The amount paid is $16,675; outstanding, $48,325. Assets,
par value outstanding taxes in the hands of collectors, $36,390.17;
alms-house property, containing 175 acres of land, $15,000. Total,
$51,390.17; estimated value, $51,390.17.
The total population of the county in 1880 was 30,992, of which the males
numbered 15,495, and the females 15,497.
The population of Carroll County, according to previous census returns, has
been as follows:
1870 1860. 1850. 1840.
White 26,444 22,525 18,667 l5,22l
Colored 2,175 1,225 974 898
Slave — 783 975 1,122
Total 28,619 24,533 20,616 17,241
The cereal production of Carroll County, as returned by the census of 1880,
was as follows:
Acres. Bushels.
Barley 133 3,724
Buckwheat 972 12,543
Indian corn 31,983 1,003,986
Oats 11,972 262,458
Rye 5,269 54,879
Wheat 40,077 579,333
Tobacco 162 137,171
Summary of School Statistics for 1880.
Number of school-houses (frame 32, brick 63, log 18, stone 12) 125
Number male teachers (principals) 82
“ female “ 49
“ “ assistants 1
“ fenced lots 9
“ schools having outbuildings 105
“ “ “ good blackboards 110
“ “ “ “ furniture 112
Different pupils for the year (white) 6152
“ “ “ “ (colored) 307
Receipts.
Balance on band Sept. 30, 1880 $180.30
State school tax 12,662.30
“ free school fund 1,942.02
County school tax at 16 cents on the $100 20,000.00
Book fees 7,811.00
State appropriation to colored schools 2,171.88
License 201.33
Rent 25.00
Total $44,994.43
The total disbursements were $44,994.43, of which $36,991.40 were teachers’
salaries, $1579.96 for fuel, $4902.89 for stationery; $4033.12 for colored
schools (included in the above disbursements), and the balance (save
$3146.07 cash on hand) for various incidental and contingent expenses.
According to the United States census of 1880, the total number of persons
in Carroll County who cannot read is 1419, and of those who cannot write
2125. Of the latter, 1209 are native white, 66 foreign white, and 850
colored. Of the white population who cannot write, 95 males and 61 females,
total, 156, are between 10 and 14 years of age; 43 males and 49 females,
total, 92, are from 15 to 20 years of age; and 383 males and 644 females,
total, 1027, are 21 years and over. Of the colored population who cannot
write, 43 males and 51 females, total, 94, are from 10 to 14 years old; 42
males and 58 females, total, 100, are from 15 to 20 years; and
320 males amid 336 females, total, 656, are 21 years and over.
* Judge Charles J. Kilgour attended the first court, but was killed by an
accident in August, and was succeeded by Judge Brewer.
Notes
**.
A collector for each district was then appointed, which system remained in
force until 1874.
Chapter 38, (p. 738-.) History of Western Maryland, by Louis H. Everts, 1882.
Transcribed by Carol C. Eddleman for the Maryland History and Genealogy Project.